Syllabus: General Studies Paper 3
Prime Minister recently opened India’s first 5G testbed, which will allow start-ups and industrial companies to test their products locally, eliminating reliance on international facilities.
What is 5Gi?
Benefits of 5Gi:
Challenges of 5Gi:
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Syllabus: General Studies Paper 2
The ongoing row over the Gyanvapi Masjid that is situated adjacent to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, has again brought to the fore the controversy around The Places Of Worship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991.
Background – Gyanvapi Masjid Row
1991: A group of priests in Varanasi petitioned in court, seeking permission to worship on the Gyanvapi premises.
2019: The Allahabad High Court ordered a stay on an ASI survey that was requested by the petitioners.
2022 (current): Five Hindu women sought to routinely worship Shringar Gauri and other idols within the Gyanvapi mosque complex (behind the western wall of the premises).
The Gyanvapi Masjid Survey 2022
The Places of Worship Act, 1991
Seeks to prohibit the conversion of a place of worship and maintain its religious character as was at the time of India’s Independence on August 15, 1947.
Why Was the Act Introduced?
Challenge to the Places of Worship Act
Challenged by: BJP leader and lawyer Ashwini Kumar Upadhyay challenged the Places of Worship Act, 1991, last year in the Supreme Court.
Argument: The law was a contravention of the principle of secularism as laid down by the Constitution of India.
Pertained to: A legal battle before a trial court over “reclaiming the birthplace of Lord Krishna in Mathura”, which was directly affected by the restrictions under the 1991 Act.
What are the exception under the act?
What are the grounds of challenge?
What has the SC said on the status freeze?
What are the implications of the case?
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Syllabus: General Studies Paper 2
At a conference hosted by New Delhi, India, Pakistan, and other members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation discussed enhancing cooperation in fighting various regional security problems.
Background:
India assumed chairmanship of the Council of Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure of SCO (RATS SCO) on October 28 last year for a period of one year.
About RATS:
About the SCO:
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a permanent intergovernmental international organization.
Founding members of SCO were-
Background:
Syllabus: General Studies Paper 3
The Reserve Bank of India, in a surprise move, announced that the bank’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) had held an ‘off-cycle’ meeting at which it had decided unanimously to raise the “policy repo rate by 40 basis points to 4.40%, with immediate effect”.
What is the Repo Rate?
Since this is the rate of interest that the RBI charges commercial banks such as State Bank of India and ICICI Bank when it lends them money, it serves as a key benchmark for the lenders to in turn price the loans they offer to their borrowers.
Why is the repo rate such a crucial monetary tool?
The repo rate system allows central banks to control the money supply within economies by increasing or decreasing the availability of funds.
How does the repo rate work?
Impact of Repo Rate change on inflation
What is Monetary Policy Committee?
Repo vs Reverse Repo Rate
Syllabus: General Studies Paper 3
Distribution of iron fortified rice through government schemes as a “silver bullet” to curb anaemia must stop in States like Jharkhand, which have large tribal populations that suffer from sickle-cell anaemia, thalassemia, and tuberculosis, for whom an overload of iron can create adverse health issues, warn activists –
The Effects
Jharkhand is an endemic zone of sickle cell disorder and thalassemia, with a prevalence of 8%-10%, which is twice the national average. Jharkhand is also an endemic zone for malaria — in 2020, the State ranked third in the country in malaria deaths.
The Way Ahead
Nutrition cannot be approached through a micronutrient-by-micronutrient formula and needs a holistic approach.
Fortified Rice
Syllabus: General Studies Paper 2
The Supreme Court has slammed the Kerala government for State’s inaction in providing relief to the Endosulfan pesticide exposure victims.
What is Endosulfan?
It is a widely-banned pesticide with hazardous effects on human genetic and endocrine systems.
The Supreme Court in India has banned the manufacture, sale, use, and export of endosulfan throughout the country, citing its harmful health effects in 2011.
Uses:
Sprayed on crops like cotton, cashew, fruits, tea, paddy, tobacco etc. for control of pests in agriculture such as whiteflies, aphids, beetles, worms etc.
Effects on humans:
Environmental effects:
What is Kerala’s case?
From the mid-70s, Kerala villages used aerial spraying of endosulfan on 4,600-ha. cashew nut plantation. Locals reportedly experienced illnesses, palsies and deformities
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Syllabus: General Studies Paper 2
The Government is yet to announce a successor to the country’s top military post, post death of India’s first Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) General Bipin Rawat.
Role of the Chief of Defence Staff
The Government’s decision in 2019 to create the post of a CDS, a long-pending demand to bring in tri-service synergy and integration, is the biggest top-level military reform since independence.
Why the rethink?
The Way Forward:
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Syllabus: General Studies Paper 3
Pullulan polymer
Disinfecting the wounds and hastening the process of healing
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Syllabus: General Studies Paper 3
In yeast cells, a protein (sbp1) promotes disintegration of RNA granules, the study found that the Sbp1 protein helps in reducing the aggregates of human proteins involved in neurodegenerative disorders.
What is an RNA granule?
Protein Synthesis
Treatment of disease
Findings of the study
Syllabus: General Studies Paper 1
Where abouts of Devasahayam:
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