The Union Minister of Ports, Shipping & Waterways, Shri Sarbananda Sonowal, has announced significant initiatives to enhance the capacity of Kandla Port (Deendayal Port) in Gujarat, India, with a total investment exceeding ₹57,000 crores. Kandla Port (Deendayal Port) was established in the 1930s with an RCC jetty by Maharao Khengarji. Renamed Deendayal Port in 2017 under the Indian Ports Act, 1908. Located in the Gulf of Kutch, Kutch District, Gujarat. Constructed in the 1950s as a replacement for Karachi Port after partition. One of India's 12 major ports, operational since 1950. Serves as a gateway for states like Jammu &....Read More

India's metro rail network has expanded to over 1,000 kilometers, making it the third-largest globally, following China and the United States.  The first metro system in India, the Kolkata Metro, began operations in 1984. The Delhi Metro, inaugurated in 2002, is the largest in India, with an operational network of 395 kilometers. As of January 2025, metro services are operational in 11 states and 23 cities across India, collectively covering over 1,000 kilometers. An additional 998+ kilometers of metro projects are currently underway, indicating a strong commitment to further expanding urban transit infrastructure.Read More

Current Context : The Indian government has approved a significant ₹2,642 crore project to construct a rail-cum-road bridge over the Ganga River, connecting Varanasi and Chandauli in Uttar Pradesh. Aim : to improve transportation efficiency and ease congestion on one of the busiest sections of Indian Railways, which is crucial for both passenger and freight traffic, including goods like coal, cement, and food grains. Completion Timeline: 4 years. Structure: Six-lane highway and four railway tracks. Significance: Will decongest the overburdened Varanasi–Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction route, which is operating at 163% capacity. Environmental Impact: The project will reduce CO2 emissions....Read More

Current Context : Recently a study reviled that China’s Three Gorges Dam, the largest hydroelectric project in the world, doesn’t just generate immense power  it might also affect Earth’s rotation. ABOUT Location: Situated on the Yangtze River in Hubei Province, China. Completion: Finished in 2012after almost 20 years of construction. Size: World’s largest dam, spanning 2,335 meters long and 185 meters Electricity Generation: Produces up to 22,500 megawatts of power, serving millions. Benefits: Helps with flood control and improves river navigation. Environmental & Social Impact: Displaced 3 million people and submerged 632 square kilometers of land, affecting ecosystems and wildlife. How does the dam impact Earth’s rotation? According to a....Read More

Current Context : Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs approved 12 new project proposals under the National Industrial Corridor Development Programme (NICDP). Spanning across 10 states and strategically planned along 6 major corridors It covers : Khurpia in Uttrakhand Rajpura-Patiala in Punjab Dighi in, Maharashtra Palakkad in Kerela Agra and Prayagraj in UP Gaya in Bihar Zaheerabad in Telangana, Orvakal and Kopparthy in AP Jodhpur-Pali in Rajasthan   The projects are closely aligned with the PM GatiShakti National Master Plan, which focuses on integrated and seamless multi-modal connectivity. These projects is a step forward in realizing the vision of ‘Viksit Bharat’....Read More

Current Context : The Union Cabinet approved eight new railway projects at an estimated cost of ₹24,657 crore to provide connectivity, facilitate ease of travelling, minimise logistics cost, reduce oil imports and lower carbon dioxide emissions. The projects cover 14 districts in the seven States of Odisha, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, Bihar, Telangana and West Bengal. It will increase the existing network of the railways by 900 km. 64 new stations will be constructed providing enhanced connectivity to six ‘aspirational districts’ (East Singhbum, Bhadradri Kothagudem, Malkangiri, Kalahandi, Nabarangpur, and Rayagada) covering approximately 510 villages and comprising about 40 lakh population.....Read More

Current Context : China is planning to build the world's first nuclear power plant using molten thorium salt. It is a groundbreaking development in nuclear energy technology. ABOUT MOLTEN SALT REACTORS (MSRS): MSRs are a type of nuclear reactor where the nuclear fuel is dissolved in a molten salt mixture. This technology differs from conventional reactors that use solid fuel rods. They are known for their potential safety benefits, higher efficiency, and reduced nuclear waste. ABOUT THORIUM FUEL: Thorium is a naturally occurring element with radioactivity,is found at trace levels in soil, rocks, water, plants  and It is an alternative....Read More

Current Context : India's first integrated agri-export facility, set to be established at Jawaharlal Nehru Port in Mumbai, is a significant development for the country's agricultural export sector. It will boost India's agricultural export and import capabilities, The facility will cater to exports of prominent items like non-basmati rice, maize, spices, onion, and wheat. ABOUT JAWAHAR LAL NEHRU PORT It is the largest container port in India and a crucial hub for international trade. It also known as Nhava Sheva Port. Location : Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, It handles a significant portion of the country's container cargo. IMPORTANCE : Strategic Location:....Read More

Current Context : PM Modi Lays Foundation For India’s Longest Urban Tunnel Between Borivali And Thane. The 8 km long twin tunnel will start from Thane side and end on national highway 8 at Borivali with two operational lanes and one emergency lane. It is a project of Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority. The new tunnel will shorten the traveling distance from Thane to Borivali by 12 km and commuters will be able to complete their journey in 12 minutes by reducing the travel time by 1 hour. Completed by May 2028, will reduce carbon emissions by 1,50,000 MT every....Read More

Current Context : Prime Minister of Nepal Shri Pushpa Kamal Dahal ‘Prachanda’ attended an event to mark the completion of heading excavation for the 11.8 km-long Head Race Tunnel of the 900 MW Arun- 3 Hydro Electric Project in Sankhuwasabha District of Nepal. Aim : to enhance regional energy security and boost economic development through sustainable hydropower generation in Arun River Basin. ABOUT ARUN -3 Arun- 3 Hydro Electric Project will start generating electricity by next year and it has the potential to generate 3,924 million units of electricity every year. This project symbolizes the strong partnership between India and....Read More