Current Context: PM Modi attended the 17ᵗʰ BRICS Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (6–7 July) Key Highlights: Global Governance Reform: PM Modi called for urgent reforms of UN Security Council, IMF, World Bank, and WTO to reflect contemporary challenges and amplify the voice of the Global South. Peace & Security: India condemned terrorism, specifically referencing the Pahalgam attack (April 2025), and emphasized zero tolerance, no exceptions; also promoted dialogue and diplomacy amid global conflicts. Multilateralism & AI: Advocated for: Demand-driven funding by New Development Bank. Creation of a Science & Research repository for Global South. Strengthened critical mineral supply chains.....Read More

Current Context: India hosted the first-ever ASEAN–India Cruise Dialogue aboard the MV Empress at Chennai Port on 30 June 2025, continuing in Mamallapuram. Delegates from all ten ASEAN nations plus Timor-Leste participated. About ASEAN‑INDIA cruise dialogue Host & Location: Inaugurated by Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal (MoPSW) in Chennai and Mamallapuram. Attendance: Delegates from Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, and Timor-Leste. Objectives: Strengthen maritime cooperation and cruise connectivity under Sagar Mala, aiming for 1 million cruise passengers by 2029. Develop an integrated cruise network between Indian and ASEAN ports with real‑time tracking, modern terminals, and regulatory....Read More

Current Context: On 1 July 2025, Pakistan took over the monthly rotating presidency of the UN Security Council during its 2024–2025 non-permanent term. ABOUT UNSC PRESIDENCY Rotation Mechanism: Follows English alphabetical order, rotating monthly among members (Rule 18, UN Charter). Pakistan’s Role: Chaired by Ambassador Asim Iftikhar Ahmad; first high-level debate scheduled for 22 July, focusing on peace and multilateralism. About UN security Council Mandate: One of the six principal organs of the UN, responsible for maintaining international peace and security. Powers include peacekeeping, sanctions, and authorizing military action (UN Charter, Chapter V).. Composition: 15 members—5 permanent (China, France, Russia,....Read More

Current Context: Quad FMs (US, India, Japan, Australia) met in Washington (July 1–2, 2025). They condemned the April 22 Kashmir attack and launched the Critical Minerals Initiative. Key Highlights Condemnation of Kashmir terror attack; demanded perpetrators be brought to justice — without naming Pakistan. Launched ‘Critical Minerals Initiative’ to diversify supply chains and counterbalance China’s dominance Reaffirmed commitment to free, rules-based Indo‑Pacific and opposition to unilateral actions. What is Quad? Informal strategic forum formed in 2007, revived in 2017, comprising USA, India, Japan, Australia, focusing on regional security and shared prosperity.Read More

Current Context: Under the Wilmington Declaration, the QUAD Coast Guards launched the first “At Sea Ship Observer Mission” on June 30, 2025—enhancing multinational maritime cooperation. Highlights: Participants: Coast Guards of India, Japan, USA, and Australia. Operation: Two officers (including women) from each country boarded USCGC Stratton en route to Guam. Objectives: Enhance interoperability, joint training, and domain awareness Focus on Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) Promote gender inclusion and reinforce India’s SAGAR and Indo‑Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI) vision Strategic Importance: Strengthens non-military maritime collaboration. Builds regional trust and aligns with a free, open, rules-based Indo-Pacific.Read More

Current Context: Union Home Minister Amit Shah inaugurated the National Turmeric Board’s headquarters in Nizamabad, Telangana for fulfilling long-standing demands of turmeric farmers. ABOUT TURMERIC BOARD (NATIONAL): Location: Nizamabad, Telangana—the turmeric capital of India . Established under: Ministry of Commerce & Industry; notified Oct 2023 and launched Jan 2025. Funding: ₹200 crore allocated for quality improvement, R&D, packaging, and farmer income enhancement. Export Target: Achieve US $1 billion in turmeric exports by 2030. Mandate: Improve farmer prices, branding, global marketing, and strengthen export infrastructure. Impact for Farmers: Supports packaging & branding chains Reduces middleman dependency Promotes GI-tagged and organic turmeric Statistics: In....Read More

Current Context: In late June 2025, US Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. announced halting US funding to Gavi, citing vaccine safety concerns and alleged suppression of alternative viewpoints during COVID-19. About Gavi? A public–private global health partnership established in 2000, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. Core partners include WHO, UNICEF, World Bank, Gates Foundation, governments, NGOs, vaccine manufacturers, and civil society . Mission: Enhance equitable, sustainable vaccine access in low‑income countries. Impact & Achievements Over 1 billion children vaccinated since inception . 8 million+ future deaths prevented . Covered 78 low-income countries, halving child mortality in those nationsRead More

Current Context: On June 26, 2025, at the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Defence Ministers’ meeting in Qingdao, India refused to endorse the joint statement due to omitted terrorism references—primarily the April 22 Pahalgam terror attack—blocked by "one particular country". ABOUT SCO SITUATION Issue: India insisted on acknowledging terrorism (especially Pahalgam attack) in the joint communique. China, Pakistan, and another member opposed this, resulting in a lack of consensus. India’s Stand: Emphasized "One Earth, One Family, One Future" civilizational ethos, calling for explicit terrorist references and accountability for state-sponsored support. About SCO A political, economic, security union of 10 Eurasian countries: China, Russia,....Read More

Current Context: Union Cabinet approved establishment of the South Asia Regional Centre (SARC) of CIP in Agra with ₹111.5 crore funding. ABOUT CIP Background: Founded in 1971 (Lima, Peru) to advance potato, sweetpotato, and Andean tuber research globally. Mission: Develop climate-adaptive seeds, pest-management techniques, post-harvest improvements, farmer training to boost food security and incomes.Read More

Current Context: The 62nd sessions of the UNFCCC Subsidiary Bodies (SB62) are being held from 16 to 26 June 2025 concluded at the World Conference Center, Bonn, Germany. ABOUT SB62 What is SB62? It comprises two key UNFCCC technical bodies—SBSTA(Scientific & Technological Advice) and SBI (Implementation)—meeting biannually to prepare for the COP climate negotiations. Key Agenda: Article 2 (carbon markets): Negotiations to strengthen rules under the Paris Agreement. New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG): Building the financial roadmap from Baku (COP29) to Belém (COP30) for mobilizing USD 1.3 trillion by 2035. Transparency & Accountability: Reviewing first set of Biennial Transparency Reports and discussing low-emission, climate-resilient development pathways (Article 1c). Global....Read More