• Concerned over an increase in instances of cybercrime, police in Andhra Pradesh has asked the people to be wary of “”

About Bluebugging

• It is a form of hacking that lets attackers access a device through its discoverable Bluetooth connection.
• Once a device or phone is bluebugged, a hacker can listen to the calls, read and send messages and steal and modify contacts.
• It started out as a threat for laptops with Bluetooth capability.
  • Later hackers used the technique to target mobile phones and other devices.
• Once a connection is established through Bluetooth , hackers can use brute force attacks to bypass authentication. They can install malware in the compromised device to gain unauthorised access to it.
• This attack is often limited due to the range of Bluetooth connections, which goes up to only 10 meters.

About Malware

• Malware, or malicious software, is any program or file that is intentionally harmful to a computer, network or server.
• Types of malware include computer viruses, worms, Trojan horses, ransomware and spyware.

• Maharashtra Day and Gujarat Day is celebrated on May 1 every year to mark the foundation day of the Indian states.
• The states ware established on May 1, 1960, after the State Reorganization Act was passed by the Indian government.
• A larger bilingual Bombay state, was divided into Gujarat and Maharashtra.

• The members of the Kondh tribe in Odisha’s Nayagarh district have added Bihan Mela as their festival.

About Bihan Mela

• It is known as the seed festival and the event is celebrated by the farmers.
• Preparations begin as soon as farmers have harvested Kharif crops, which include both hybrid and indigenous varieties of paddy, millets, maize and sorghum.
• Women are at the helm of this festival and carefully collect seeds of the indigenous varieties and store them in earthen pots.
• On a designated day in December, they decorate the pots with red and white motifs, place them in a bamboo basket and carry it on their head to the village where the fair is being organised.
• The seed festival was initiated by Nirman, a non-profit organization working with the tribe on forest rights and agro-ecological farming.
• This was introduced to help farmers return to their traditional ways of farming like mixed cropping.

• Group of Seven advanced nations agreed on adopting “risk-based” regulation on artificial intelligence, as European lawmakers hurry to introduce an AI Act to enforce rules on emerging tools such as ChatGPT.

About G7

• The G-7 or ‘Group of Seven’ are Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
• The G-7 nations meet at annual summits that are presided over by leaders of member countries on a rotational basis.
• The summit is an informal gathering that lasts two days, in which leaders of member countries discuss a wide range of global issues.
• The G-7 does not have a formal constitution or fixed headquarters.
• The decisions taken by leaders during annual summits are non-binding.

Brief History

• It was formed in 1975 by the top economies of the time as an informal forum to discuss pressing world issues.
• Canada joined the group in 1976, and the European Union began attending in 1977.
• The G-7 was known as the ‘G-8’ for several years after the original seven were joined by Russia in 1997.
• The Group returned to being called G-7 after Russia was expelled as a member in 2014 following the latter’s annexation of the Crimea region of Ukraine.

• As per reports patients suffering from Fabry disease have not received any financial help for treatment despite availability of ₹50 lakh of financial support for treatment of all rare disease patients in National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021.

About Fabry disease

• Fabry Disease is a rare inherited neurological disorder that occurs when enzyme alpha-galactosidase-A cannot efficiently break down fatty materials known as lipids into smaller components that provide energy to body.
• It belongs to a group of diseases known as lysosomal storage disorders. Lysosomes function as the primary digestive tract of cells.
• Symptoms: Heart enlargement, Progressive kidney impairment leading to renal failure, Gastrointestinal difficulties, Numbness, tingling, burning or pain in the hands or feet etc.
• Types of Fabry disease
  • Classic type: Symptoms of this type appears during childhood or the teenage years. It may be noticeable as early as age two.
  • Late-onset/atypical type: People with late-onset Fabry disease don’t have symptoms until they’re in their 30s or older.
• The first indication of a problem may be kidney failure or heart disease.
• Treatment: The patients are treated by intravenously administered enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) or Oral Chaperone Therapy.

• One of the largest flocks of Painted Storks, almost 4000 birds, has been spotted in Andhra Pradesh.

About Painted Storks

• Scientific name- Mycteria leucocephala
• They belong to Ciconiidae family.
• These birds are widely distributed over plains of Asia.
• These are usually seen in freshwater wetlands and occasionally in coastal regions.
• The painted stork is a large bird, measuring 90 to 100 cm in length and weighing 2,000 to 3,500 grams.
• They have a wingspan of about 150 to 160 cm.
• They have a long heavy yellow beak with a down curved tip.
• Bare head is reddish or orange in colour.
• Found in Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam.
• IUCN Status: ‘Near Threatened’.
• Its breeding season extends from July to October in North India and November to March in South India.

• 117 passengers of Indian Origin arriving from Sudan are currently quarantined because they were not vaccinated against Yellow Fever.

About Yellow fever:

• Yellow fever is often associated with jaundice, hence the name yellow.
• Yellow fever occurs in 47 endemic countries in Africa and in Central and South America.
  • Around 90% of cases reported every year occur in Sub-Saharan Africa.
• The yellow fever virus is transmitted by infected mosquitoes, most commonly from the Aedes species – the same mosquito that spreads the Zika, Chikungunya and Dengue virus.
  • Haemogogus mosquitoes also spread it and are mostly found in the jungle.
  • The disease cannot spread by contact from one person to another.
• Symptoms: Fever, headache, jaundice, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting and fatigue.
  • A small proportion of patients who contract the virus develop severe symptoms and approximately half of those die within 7 to 10 days.
• Prevention and Treatment:
  • A single dose of yellow fever vaccine, known as 17D, provides life-long immunity against the disease.
  • There is no specific treatment for yellow fever but good supportive treatment of symptoms, such as dehydration, fever and infection, improves survival rates.

• International Labour Day, popularly known as International Workers’ Day or May Day is observed on May 1^st every year.

About International Labour Day

• It is celebrated to commemorate the struggles and sacrifices of the workers’ and labours’ movement.
• It is celebrated in more than 80 countries, including India, Cuba, and China.
• People in different parts of the world hold marches on this day to promote the rights of working-class people and to protect them from exploitation.

Brief History

• The tradition of Labour Day dates back to 19th century America.
• On May 1st, 1886, workers in Chicago organized a strike to demand an eight-hour workday.
• In 1889, the International Congress of Socialist parties met in Paris and decided to celebrate Labour Day or Worker’s Day on May 1.
• Thus, the first International Labour Day was celebrated on May 1, 1890.

Indian context

• The first labour day was celebrated in India on May 1, 1923, in Chennai.
• The first May Day celebrations were organized by the Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan.
• It is known by various names, such as Antarrashtriya Shramik Diwas, Kamgar Din in Hindi, Kamgar Divas in Marathi, Karmikara Dinacharane in Kannada, Karmika Dinotsavam in Telugu and Uzhaipalar Dhinam in Tamil.

• India recently announced that it will start participating in the International Civil Aviation Organisation’s (ICAO) Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) and the Long-Term Aspirational Goals (LTAG) from 2027.

About Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA)

• It is a global market-based measure designed to offset international aviation CO2 emissions in order to stabilize the levels of such emissions.
• Offsetting of CO2 emissions will be achieved through the acquisition and cancellation of emissions units from the global carbon market by aeroplane operators.
• It does not apply to domestic aviation.
• CORSIA will mitigate around 2.5 billion tonnes of CO2 between 2021 and 2035, which is an annual average of 164 million tonnes of CO2.
• Under it, aircraft operators will begin monitoring their emissions from international flights and begin acquiring offsets for their emissions growth.

About Long-Term Aspirational Goals (LTAG)

• 41^st ICAO Assembly adopted LTAG for international aviation of net-zero carbon emissions by 2050 in support of UNFCCC Paris Agreement.
• LTAG does not attribute specific obligations or commitments in form of emissions reduction goals to individual states but each state will contribute within its own nation

About International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO)

• ICAO is an intergovernmental specialized agency associated with the United Nations (UN).
• Established in 1947 by the Convention on International Civil Aviation (1944) known as Chicago Convention.
• HQ: Montreal, Canada
• Functions:
  • Developing safe and efficient international air transport for peaceful purposes.
  • It sets standards and regulations necessary for aviation safety, security and facilitation, efficiency
  • Serves as a clearinghouse for cooperation and discussion on civil aviation issues among its 193 member states.
  • It also promotes regional and international agreements aimed at liberalizing aviation markets.

Related news

• International Air Transport Association (IATA) market analysis report says that India is fast emerging as a key global aviation market.

About International Air Transport Association (IATA)

• IATA is an international trade body founded in 1945 by a group of airlines.
• Currently, IATA represents some 300 airlines comprising 94% of the international scheduled air traffic.
• HQ: Montreal, Canada
• IATA supports many areas of aviation activity and helps formulate industry policy on critical aviation issues, including environmental concerns.

• The state government has decided to regularise the services of the contractual employees who have completed two years of service on March 31, 2023.
• Additionally, those who are due to complete two years of service by September 30 will also be regularised after the said date.
• Besides, the government has also decided to regularise the services of daily-wage workers, who completed four years of service on March 31, 2023.
• Those who are due to complete four years of services by September 30 will also be regularised accordingly.