General Studies Paper-2
Context: India faces significant strategic challenges in South Asia, highlighted by ongoing issues such as the military standoff between Indian and Chinese forces in Ladakh, the inconclusive 31st meeting of the India-China Border Affairs diplomatic mechanism, and the growing influence of China in neighbouring countries.
Background
Economic Implications
Defense and Security Challenges
Nuclear Deterrence:
Diplomatic Considerations
Future Prospects
Government Schemes
Way Forward
Conclusion
General Studies Paper-2
Context: A study published in the Nature journal by the International Food Policy Research Institute suggests that the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) has led to a significant reduction in infant deaths by improving sanitation.
About SBM:
Key Findings of the Report:
Reasons for the success of the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM):
Limitations of Swachh Bharat Mission:
Way forward:
Other initiatives for sanitation:
Conclusion
General Studies Paper-2
Context: The Prime Minister has launched the ‘Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari’ initiative to enhance rainwater harvesting and ensure long-term water sustainability.
Rain Water Harvesting
Significance
Government Initiatives to Tackle Shortage of Water in India
Suggestions for Water Conservation
General Studies Paper-2
Context: The Union Minister of Commerce & Industry stated that the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) can add to India’s maritime security and faster movement of goods between Europe and Asia.
India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC)
Components
Ports Which are Part of IMEC
Israel: Haifa port.
Maritime security for India
Other Opportunities for India
Hurdle before IMEC
Way Forward
General Studies Paper-2
Context: India faces significant strategic challenges in South Asia, highlighted by ongoing issues such as the military standoff between Indian and Chinese forces in Ladakh, the inconclusive 31st meeting of the India-China Border Affairs diplomatic mechanism, and the growing influence of China in neighbouring countries.
These developments underscore the complex geopolitical landscape that India must navigate in its pursuit of regional stability and security.
Background
Economic Implications
Defense and Security Challenges
Diplomatic Considerations
Future Prospects
Government Schemes
Way Forward
Conclusion
General Studies Paper-2
Context: Muhammad Yunus, the head of Bangladesh’s interim government, has called for the revival of the “spirit of SAARC”, stressing that the eight-member South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) can solve many of the region’s pressing issues.
SAARC’s Dormancy
Reasons for SAARC’s Failures
For example, Afghanistan’s internal conflict, Bangladesh’s crisis further undermine SAARC’s cohesion.
Need for SAARC Revival
India’s Role and Contribution
Way Ahead
General Studies Paper-2
Context: A recent article in The Lancet has estimated that the Indian population’s consumption of 15 dietary micronutrients is inadequate.
Major Highlights
Micronutrients – Micronutrients are vitamins and minerals needed by the body in very small amounts. – Vitamins are organic compounds that are often categorized into two groups: 1. Water-Soluble Vitamins: These include Vitamin C and the B vitamins (like B12, B6, folate). They dissolve in water and are typically not stored in the body, so regular intake through diet is necessary. 2. Fat-Soluble Vitamins: These include Vitamins A, D, E, and K. They are absorbed along with dietary fat and can be stored in the body’s fatty tissues and liver. – Minerals are inorganic elements that are also classified into: 1. Major Minerals: Such as calcium, potassium, and magnesium, which are needed in larger amounts. 2. Trace Minerals: Such as iron, zinc, copper, and selenium, which are needed in smaller amounts but are still vital for health. |
Significance of Micronutrients
General Studies Paper-2
Context: The Iranian Supreme Leader indicated that while the U.S. is not to be trusted, there is no harm in engaging in negotiations with them about nuclear cooperation.
Iran-US relations:
Historical Linkages
Previous Engagement
Impact:
Developments Favouring Iran:
Response of US and India’s Dilemma
Conclusion and Way Forward
General Studies Paper-2
Context: Recent triennial International Conference of Agricultural Economists (ICAE-2024) highlighted malnutrition, hunger are worsening due to geopolitical unrest and climate change, and focused on ‘Transformation Towards Sustainable Agri-Food Systems’.
About
Why Does Zero Hunger Matter?
Challenges Ahead
Achieving Zero Hunger
India’s Efforts
Way Forward (Road to Zero Hunger by 2030)
General Studies Paper-2
Context
The Union Budget’s allocations for health sector initiatives like the Pradhan Mantri Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (PM-ABHIM) and Human Resources for Health and Medical Education (HRHME) depend heavily on State-level implementation.
Key Issues Pertaining to This
Low Fund Utilisation:
Construction Delays:
Faculty Shortages:
Fiscal Constraints at the State Level
Way Ahead
Conclusion
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