Current Context: The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) arrested 4 people from Mumbai and Moradabad in connection with a major digital arrest fraud.

About

• Launched by: Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) in 2022
• Supported by: INTERPOL – global initiative to combat cyber-enabled financial crimes
• Focus Areas: Impersonation, phishing, romance & lottery scams
• Digital Arrest:A cyber fraud where scammers impersonate officials from agencies like the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), police, or investigative bodies.
• Victims are falsely told they are under investigation and are “digitally detained” via continuous calls or video chats.
• Psychological pressure and fear are used to extract money.
• Government’s Response:PM Narendra Modi, in Mann Ki Baat (Oct 2024), warned citizens against digital arrest scams.

Citizens urged to report cyber frauds to:

• National Cyber Crime Helpline – 1930
• Cybercrime portal – cybercrime.gov.in

Current context: Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen discussed bilateral ties and regional/global developments.

Background & Strategic Framework

• Diplomatic relations established in 1949.
• Relationship based on democratic values and shared commitment to peace.
• Green Strategic Partnership (GSP) launched during virtual summit in September 2020.
• Focus on climate action, renewable energy, sustainable urban development, water, etc.
• Bilateral Institutional Mechanisms
• Joint Commission Meeting (JCM) – since 2008.
• Foreign Office Consultations (FOC) – since 1995.
• Economic Ties (2023)
• Total bilateral trade: USD 5.3 billion
• Indian exports: USD 2.74 billion
• Imports from Denmark: USD 2.59 billion
• Declined from USD 6.64 billion in 2022
• Key Indian exports: Textiles, vehicles, leather goods, metal goods
• Key Danish exports: Pharmaceuticals, industrial machinery, organic chemicals, metal waste.

Current Context After 2 years of civil war, Sudan’s Tuti Island has been reclaimed by the national army.

• The island is now devastated and depopulated due to the conflict.

About Tuti Island

• Location: At the confluence of the Blue Nile and White Nile rivers.
• Surroundings: Encircled by Khartoum, Omdurman, and Bahri (Khartoum North), collectively called the “Three Towns.”

Agricultural Importance:

• Nicknamed “Khartoum’s Garden.”
• Was a key source of fruits and vegetables for the capital.

About Sudan

• Location: Northeast Africa, south of Egypt, with access to the Red Sea.
• Capital: Khartoum
• Neighbouring Countries:
• North: Egypt
• East: Eritrea, Ethiopia, Red Sea
• South: South Sudan
• West: Central African Republic, Chad
• Northwest: Libya
• Key Geographical Features:Formed by Blue Nile and White Nile, merging at Khartoum.
• Mountain Ranges:Nuba Mountains, Marrah Mountains, Red Sea Hills

• Observed on: April 18 each year, by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS).
• Theme: “Heritage under Threat of Disasters and Conflicts: Preparedness and Learning from 60 years of ICOMOS Action”.
• Significance: Highlights the importance of protecting cultural and natural heritage from disasters and conflicts, focusing on preparedness and lessons from the past.
• History: Proposed by International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) in 1982, approved by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 1983.

Current Context: Himachal Pradesh Government signed an Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to enhance the quality of education in the state.

About

• Signed by Education Secretary Rakesh Kanwar (HP) and Tim Curtis (UNESCO Director) & Joyce Poan (Chief of Education, UNESCO).

Key Objectives

• Modernize teaching methods, curricula, teacher training, and assessment systems.
• Equip students with 21st-century skills:Critical thinking, Creativity, Collaboration

Communication

Greening Education

• Integrate environmental awareness and sustainability into school curricula.
• Promote knowledge to tackle climate change and environmental issues.

Current Context:Ecuador’s President Daniel Noboa wins the run-off round of the presidential election, securing a full four-year term

Current Context: On April 14, 2025, Telangana became the first Indian state to implement Scheduled Castes (SC) sub-categorisation, under the Telangana Scheduled Castes (Rationalisation of Reservations) Act, 2025.

About

• Objective: Ensure targeted benefits to the most disadvantaged groups within SCs.
• Act Passed: Telangana Scheduled Castes (Rationalisation of Reservations) Act, 2025
• Gazette Notification: April 14, 2025 (Ambedkar Jayanti)
• Legal Backing: Aligned with Supreme Court’s August 2024 verdict allowing SC/ST sub-classification for equitable reservation.

 Sub-Categorisation Details

• SCs divided into 3 groups based on backwardness:
• Group I: 15 most backward sub-castes – 1% reservation
• Group II: 18 marginalised sub-castes – 9% reservation
• Group III: 26 relatively better-off sub-castes – 5% reservation

Current Context: The Dharmadam Assembly constituency in Kannur, Kerala has been declared the first extreme poverty-free constituency in Kerala. The Chief Minister of Kerala has pledged to make the entire state extreme poverty-free by November 1, 2025.

About Extreme Poverty:

• World Bank Definition: People living on less than $2.15/day (based on 2017 PPP)
• Indicators: Food availability, Health, Income& Housing
• Kerala Institute of Local Administration prepared the yardstick for identification.

Key Initiatives:

• Right to Swift Assistance: Issuance of Aadhar, ration cards, voter IDs, job cards, and access to welfare schemes
• LIFE scheme: Housing provided
• Support through Kudumbashree & Panchayat: Healthcare, food aid, and income-generation schemes

Current context :Bihar to host the 7th edition of KIYG from May 4–15, 2025,events to be held in Patna, Gaya, Rajgir, Begusarai, and Bhagalpur.

• Mascot: “Gajsimha” – Symbolizing elephant’s power and lion’s heart, inspired by Pala dynasty carvings.

About Khelo India Movement

• Launched: 2017
• Objective: Promote grassroots sports and identify young athletic talent.
• Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports

Highlights of KIYG 2025

• Over 8,500 athletes expected – second only to the National Games in scale.
• 27 sports disciplines, including:
• Popular sports – Volleyball, Football, Boxing, Kabaddi
• Indigenous games – Malkhamb, Sepak Takraw

Current Context: On World Quantum Day (April 14, 2025), QNu Labs, a startup under the National Quantum Mission, launched Q-Shield — the world’s first platform for quantum-safe cybersecurity.

About

• Q-Shield is a quantum-safe platform for enterprises to secure critical infrastructure.
• It supports seamless cryptography management across cloud, on-premise, or hybrid environments.

QNu Labs & National Quantum Mission

• QNu Labs was incubated at IIT Madras Research Park in 2016.
• Selected by Department of Science and Technology (DST) under the National Quantum Mission (NQM).
• Aims to make India a global leader in quantum cryptography.