Current Context : Recent excavations at Rakhigarhi, a prominent Harappan site in Haryana, have unveiled advanced water management systems dating back approximately 5,000 years.

Water Storage Area: Found between mounds, 3.5-4 feet deep for water conservation.

Dried Riverbed: Chautang (Drishavati) River’s dried bed discovered, indicating water management.

Harappan Water Management Techniques:

• Elaborate Drainage: Underground drains for sewage, connecting houses to public drains.
• Small Bunds: Lothal built bunds to store rainwater for irrigation and drinking.
• Dockyard at Lothal: Channels for water flow to support maritime activities.
• Dholavira Reservoirs: Stone-built canals and reservoirs for water storage and management.
• Mohenjodaro Tanks: Rainwater harvested in tanks and supplied to wells via an efficient drainage system.

Rakhigarhi Site: Largest Harappan city in Haryana, yielding DNA evidence and artifacts such as residential structures, craft areas, and burial grounds.