• The Indian government launched Project Lion to conserve and expand the Asiatic lion population, with an approved budget of Rs 2,927.71 crore, showcasing its commitment to wildlife conservation.
• The Asiatic lion population is currently concentrated in Gujarat, with a census reporting 674 individuals in 2020 (29% increase from 2015).

Key Components

• Habitat Management

1. Barda Dungar Wildlife Sanctuary (100 km from Gir) developed as an alternative habitat.
2. First lion spotted in Barda in 2023, confirming its potential.
3. Additional habitats in Saurashtra: Girnar, Mitiyala, Jesor-Hipawadi, Hingolgadh, Rajula to Jafrabad.

• Wildlife Health Monitoring

1. Health protocols to prevent disease outbreaks.
2. Veterinary Hospital in Sasan, Gir (National Wildlife Disease Diagnostic Centre) planned.
3. Focus on diseases like Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) and Babesia, which posed threats in 2018 and 2020.

• Human-Wildlife Conflict Mitigation

1. 1,000 sq. km. exclusive lion habitat by relocating human settlements.
2. More lion habitats in Saurashtra: Girnar, Mitiyala, Jesor-Hipawadi, Hingolgadh, Rajula to Jafrabad.

• Other Conservation Measures

1. Community involvement to encourage coexistence.
2. Technology-based monitoring: Drone surveillance, CCTV, 33 rapid response units for lion protection.
3. 100 new tracker positions for lion rescue operations.

• Significance

1. Strengthens India’s commitment to wildlife conservation.
2. Protects the Asiatic lion, an important species in the ecosystem.
3. Promotes eco-tourism and sustainable development.