India Justice Report (IJR) 2025:

Current Context: Released in April 2025, the IJR ranks states on their capacity to deliver justice, focusing on police, judiciary, prisons, and legal aid.

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• Ranking Overview: Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana lead the rankings, with southern states dominating. Sikkim tops among smaller
• Police Force: The report highlights a gender gap and underrepresentation of Scheduled Castes and Tribes in senior police ranks. Many police stations lack basic infrastructure.
• Judiciary Concerns: India faces a severe judge shortage, with only 15 judges per million people. High court vacancies are high, and district courts are overwhelmed.
• Prison System: The national prison system is overcrowded, with undertrials constituting 76% of inmates. The healthcare system in prisons is
• Legal Aid Accessibility: Legal aid remains underfunded, with only ₹6 per capita spent annually on legal aid.
• State-Specific Insights: Tamil Nadu excels in prison management; Karnataka meets quotas for both police and judiciary; Uttar Pradesh and Bihar face significant challenges in overcrowding and police representation.