Current Context: In response to the rising global threat of encephalitis and its impact on public health, the UK-based Encephalitis International launched a global campaign to promote the importance of vaccination as a preventive measure.

About Encephalitis:

• Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain caused by infections (viral, bacterial) or autoimmune responses, leading to brain swelling and symptoms like headaches, stiff neck, sensitivity to light, mental confusion, and seizures.
• Causes: Common pathogens include Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV), Influenza, and West Nile Virus.
• Symptoms: Fever, headache, mental confusion, and seizures are typical indicators of encephalitis.

India’s Efforts:

• Universal Immunization Programme (UIP):
  • Provides free vaccination for Japanese Encephalitis (JE).
  • SA 14-14-2 Vaccine is part of the immunization schedule.
  • Target Areas: High-risk zones, including endemic districts.
  • As of recent reports, 132 districts have been included under the vaccination program.