February 13, 2025

Cyclone Fengal

Current Context :  Recently, Cyclone Fengal originated as a deep depression over the southwest Bay of Bengal.

  • The storm is expected to bring heavy rainfall, strong winds, and potential flooding to the region.
  • Cyclone Fengal was named by Saudi Arabia.
  • The naming process for cyclones in the North Indian Ocean involves a group of 13 countries, including Saudi Arabia, which contributes names that are used on a rotating basis.

About Cyclone :

A cyclone is a large-scale air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure. It is characterized by strong winds and heavy rainfall.

Types:

  • Tropical Cyclones: Form over warm ocean waters near the equator (e.g., hurricanes, typhoons).
  • Extratropical Cyclones: Form in temperate regions and are associated with cold and warm fronts.
  • Tornadoes: Smaller, more intense cyclonic systems with very high wind speeds.

Formation:

  • Cyclones typically form due to warm ocean waters (above 26°C), high humidity, and specific wind patterns in the atmosphere.

Classification (Tropical Cyclones):

  • Depression: Wind speed < 31 mph.
  • Tropical Storm: Wind speed 39–73 mph.
  • Severe Cyclone: Wind speed > 74 mph.

Regions and Names:

  • In the Atlantic and Northeast Pacific, they are called hurricanes.
  • In the Northwest Pacific, they are known as typhoons.
  • In the Indian Ocean and South Pacific, they are referred to as cyclones.
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