June 25, 2025

Current Context: ISRO and JAXA agreed to begin the design phase of their joint Chandrayaan-5 / Lunar Polar Exploration (LUPEX) mission, targeting the Moon’s south pole.

About Chandrayaan-5 / LUPEX:

  • Mission Goals:
    • Study volatile compounds (water, ice) in permanently shadowed lunar craters.
    • Search for resources to support future human missions.
  • International Partnership:
    • India (ISRO): Builds the lander.
    • Japan (JAXA): Provides the rover.
    • Additional Instruments: Contributions expected from NASA and ESA.
  • Legacy Missions:
    • Chandrayaan-1 & 2 (orbiters)
    • Chandrayaan-3 (lander and rover)
    • Upcoming Chandrayaan-4 (sample-return)
  • Long-Term Vision: India aims to land astronauts on the Moon by 2040.
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