Current Context : In a significant environmental crisis, Russian authorities have declared a federal-level emergency in response to a catastrophic oil spill along the Black Sea coast.

About Black Sea

• Location: A body of water bordered by six countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Russia, Georgia, and Turkey. It is connected to the Mediterranean Sea through the Bosporus Strait, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles Strait.
• Hydrography: Low salinity, anoxic deeper layers with hydrogen sulfide.
• Rivers: Drained by major rivers such as the Danube, Dniester, and Don.
• Geopolitical Importance: Strategic for trade routes, military access, and energy transport.
• Ecology: Hosts diverse species like dolphins and sturgeon, despite anoxic depths.