• West African country, Ghana assumes the rotating monthly Presidency of the United Nations Security Council. During the month of November 2022, Ghana shall preside over the meetings of the Council (adoptions, debates and consultations) and, under its authority, shall represent the Security Council in its capacity as an organ of the United Nations.

About the Presidency of the United Nations Security Council:

• In its capacity as President of the UN Security Council, Ghana is focusing on enhancing Global Peace and Security for Sustainable and Inclusive Development, particularly on the continent of Africa.
• This will be by fully addressing underlying causes and drivers of conflict linked to the growing youth bulge, poverty, climate change and the absence of resilient institutions.
• Ghana rejoined the UN Security Council on January 1, 2022. It is the third time Ghana is holding a non­ permanent seat on the Council.
• Ghana was first given the opportunity to serve on the council from 1962 to 1963, and was back for the period of January 2006 – December 2007.

Composition of UN Security Council

• The UN Security Council is composed of 15 members, including five permanent member states– China, France, Russian Federation, the United States, and the United Kingdom – and 10 non-permanent member states, which are elected by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA).
• Ten non-permanent members are elected to the UNSC every year for a two-year term.
• The 10 non-permanent seats are distributed among the regions of the world: five seats for African and Asian countries (three are for Africa and two for Asia), one for Eastern European countries, two for Latin American and Caribbean countries, and the remaining two for Western European and other countries.
• The Africa and Asia Pacific group takes turns every two years to put up an Arab candidate.

• The University Grants Commissionhas written to vice-chancellors and principals of all universities and colleges in this regard following recommendations of a committee constituted last year by the education ministry to promote Indian languages. All higher education institutions in India must observe a ‘Bharatiya Bhasha Divas’ on December 11 every year to create “language harmony” and develop a conducive environment for learning Indian languages.

What is the proposal of the committee?

• The committee has proposed to observe December 11 as ‘Bharatiya Bhasha Diwas’ or ‘Bharatiya Bhasha Utsav’ on the birth anniversary of poet Subramania Bharati, a pioneer of modern Tamil poetry who penned songs to kindle patriotism during the Independence movement.
• The commission also shared a concept note of the proposal with the universities, according to which universities and colleges will organise competitions, games, exhibitions and other activities to mark the day. They will also be felicitating students who know multiple languages or those who can read the scripts of major Indian languages.
• The central government has been making efforts to promote Indian languages. It is soon going to establish 22 bhasha kendras (language centres) to promote Indian languages as enshrined in the eighth schedule of the Constitution.

• Sainik School, Sujanpur Tira, celebrated its 45th Raising and Annual Day at Sujanpur. The school was set up to cater to the needs of the people of the state and was inaugurated by Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy, then President, on November 2, 1978.
• Hamirpur Deputy Commissioner (DC) Debasweta Banik said the administration and staff members had done painstaking efforts to make this school a premier institution.

About:

• Sainik School Sujanpur Tira is 18th in the series of 33 Sainik Schools in the country.
• Sujanpur Tira is located 24 Kms from its district HQ Hamirpur and is connected to all other places in the State by road.
• Its nearest broad-gauge rail head is located 99 Kms away at Una. A narrow gauge train operates between Pathankot and Maranda (Palampur) which is 45 Kms away. Kangra Airport at Gaggal is located 75 Kms from Sujanpur Tira.
• Sainik School Sujanpur Tira admits students in class VI and IX on the basis of All India Entrance Examination conducted on Ist or IInd Sunday of January every year.
• The school has extensive playground with lush green silken grass, which looks splendid against the Dhauladhar ranges and Baradari hill.
• The school has independent NCC unit and NCC is compulsory for all students from VI to XI standards.Sports facilities exist in Football, Hockey, Volleyball, Handball & Basketball besides other minor & indoor games.
• The school has three Service Officers i.e. Principal, Vice Principal and Administrative Officer  deputed by Ministry of Defence and 50 experienced set of teaching and administrative staff together with 52 support staff for effective management of school activities.
• In addition, one JCO and three NCO`s from Army are appointed for NCC & Sports activities in the school.

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi has praised 106-year-old Shyam Saran Negi for exercising his right to franchise for the 34th time.
• The 106-year-old Shyam Saran Negi, the first voter of Independent India, exercised his right to franchise for the 34th time for the Himachal Pradesh assembly elections through a postal ballot at his residence in Kalpa.
• Negi, who has been witness to the election process starting from putting the stamp on ballot paper to EVM to VVPAT, has never missed his date with the poll and voted in all panchayat, Assembly and Parliament elections.
• Till now, he had cast his vote in all the elections at the booth and this was the first time he cast his vote through postal ballot.
• Negi had expressed his willingness to cast vote at the booth this time also but his health is not good and so he decided to vote at home, said Deputy Commissioner, Kinnaur, Abid Hussain Sadiq, who honoured Negi with a cap and a shawl.
• Postal booth was set up in the compound of his house and Negi, a teacher by profession, was brought on a red carpet till the booth amid traditional music.

• ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute(ICAR-SBI) got its first-ever woman director in over a century of the Institution’s existence.  G Hemaprabha was appointed as the Director of the ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute up to 2024 on the recommendation of the Agricultural Scientists Recruitment Board, New Delhi under the Union Minister of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare.

About Dr. G Hemaprabha

• G Hemaprabha is the first woman director of the 111-year-old ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute. With over 34 years of research experience in sugarcane genetic improvement.
• She has more research experience of over 34 years in Sugarcane genetic improvement and so far, she has developed 27 sugarcane varieties and registered 15 cane genetic stock.

About ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute

• The ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore is the premier and one the oldest agriculture research institutes under the Indian Council of Agriculture Research.
• It was established in 1912, the institute has been largely responsible for meeting the sugarcane varietal requirements of the country for the past ten decades with the dual mandate of developing improved sugarcane varieties and also supporting the sugarcane breeding program of over 23 Sugarcane Research Stations in India.

• The World Health Orgnisation (WHO) and World Meteorological Organization (WMO) alongwith Wellcome Trust has launched a global knowledge platform dedicated to climate and health – climahealth.info.
• According to WHO, this is in response to growing calls for actionable information to protect people from the health risks of climate change and other environmental hazards.
• WHO and WMO have designed this new global open-access platform to become the go-to technical reference point for users of interdisciplinary health, environmental, and climate science.
• Climate and health are inextricably linked. Climate change, extreme weather events and environmental degradation have fundamental impact on human health and well-being.
• Site users will be able to connect with global experts; find upcoming events, news, opportunities, technical resources and data, applied decision and learning tools, case studies, and curated guidance and research documents; explore country, hazard- and theme-focused entry points and a growing number of climate service provider profiles and resources.
• According to WHO, this living platform will be enhanced with new content and dynamic features in the coming months and years, with a view towards expanding its offerings to meet the needs of users on all sides of the climate – environment – health interface.

• Exports of agricultural and processed food products rose by 25 per cent within six months of the current financial year 2022-23 (April-September) in comparison to the corresponding period of 2021-22.
• According to the provisional data released by the Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics (DGCI&S), the overall export of agricultural and processed food products has witnessed a growth of 25 per cent in dollars during April-September 2022.
• The overall export of Agricultural and Processed Food Export Development Authority (APEDA) products increased to $13771 million in April-September 2022 from $11056 million over the same period of the last fiscal year.
• The initiatives taken by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry through APEDA have helped the country achieve 58 per cent of its total export target for the year 2022-23 within six months of the current fiscal.
• For the year 2022-23, an export target of $23.56 billion has been fixed by APEDA for the agricultural and processed food products basket and an export of $13.77 billion has already been achieved in these six months of the current fiscal.
• As per the DGCI&S provisional data, processed fruits and vegetables recorded a significant growth of 42.42 per cent (April-September 2022), while fresh fruits registered 4 per cent growth as opposed to corresponding months of the previous year.
• Also, processed food products like cereals and miscellaneous processed items reported a growth of 29.36 per cent compared to the first six months of the previous year.
• In April-September, 2021, fresh fruits were exported to the tune of $301 million which increased to $313 million in the corresponding months of the current fiscal. Exports of processed F&V jumped to $1024 million in six months of the current fiscal from $719 million in the corresponding months of the previous year.
• The export of pulses has witnessed an increase of 144 per cent in Q2 of the current fiscal in comparison to the corresponding months of the last fiscal as the export of lentils increased from $135 million (April-September 2021-22) to $330 million (April-September 2022-23).
• Basmati Rice exports witnessed a growth of 37.36 per cent in six months of FY 2022-23 as its export increased from $1660 million (April-September 2021) to $2280 million (April-September 2022), while the export of non-Basmati rice registered a growth of 8 per cent in Q2 of current fiscal. Its export increased to $3207 million in six months of the current fiscal from $2969 million in the corresponding months of the previous year.
• The export of meat, dairy & poultry products increased by 10.29 per cent and the export of other cereals recorded a growth of 12.29 per cent in six months of the current fiscal. The poultry products alone registered a growth of 83 per cent as its export rose to $57 million within the half-year bracket of the current fiscal from $31 million recorded for the corresponding months of the previous year.
• Similarly, dairy products recorded a growth of 58 per cent as its export rose to $342 million in Q2 of the current fiscal from $216 million in Q2 of the previous year.
• Wheat export registered an increase of 136 per cent in Q2 of the current fiscal. Wheat export rose to $1487 million in April-September 2022 from $630 million in April-September 2021.
• Other cereals’ export increased from $467 million in April-September 2021 to $525 million in April-September 2022 and the export of livestock products increased from $1903 million in April-September 2021 to $2099 million in April-September 2022.

About:

• The name reflect the people’s reverence of the Sun as Donyi and the Moon as Polo to symbolize the traditions and rich cultural heritage of the State.
• In January,2019, the Central government granted in-principle’ approval for development of Hollongi Greenfield Airport.
• The project is being developed by Airports Authority of India with the help of Central Government and the State Government of at a cost of ₹646 crore.
• With a 2,300metre runway, the greenfield airport is the first in Arunachal Pradesh to have the capacity to land big aircraft.
• The Hollongi airport is the state’s third after Pasighat and Tezu airports and only airport in the capital city.
• The central government had earlier accorded its approval for setting up of the “greenfield airport” under the `Capital Connectivity Scheme` to build up fixed wing air connectivity facility to the state capital.
• The Donyi Polo airport in Itanagar is northeast India`s 16th airport.

• The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has proposed a single income tax return (ITR) form for all taxpayers.

About:

• According to the proposal, all taxpayers, barring trusts and non-profit organisations, can use the common ITR form, which also includes a separate head for disclosure of income from virtual digital assets.
• The draft ITR form aims to bring ease of filing returns and reduce the time for filing the ITR by individuals and non-business-type taxpayers considerably.
• It proposes to introduce a common ITR by merging all the existing returns of income except ITR-7. However, the current ITR-1 and ITR-4 will continue.
• This will give an option to such taxpayers to file the return either in the existing form (ITR-1 or ITR-4), or the proposed common ITR, at their convenience.

Current Scenario:

• There are seven kinds of ITR forms, which are used by different categories of taxpayers. They are as follows:
• ITR Form 1, called ‘Sahaj’, is for small and medium taxpayers. Sahaj forms can be filed by individuals who have an income up to Rs 50 lakh, with earnings from salary, one house property/ other sources (interest etc).
• ITR-2 is filed by people with income from residential property.
• ITR-3 is intended for people who have income as profits from business/ profession
• ITR-4 (Sugam) is, like ITR-1 (Sahaj), a simple forms, and can be filed by individuals, Hindu Undivided Families (HUFs) and firms with total income up to Rs 50 lakh from business and profession.
• ITR-5 and 6 are for limited liability partnerships (LLPs) and businesses respectively.
• ITR-7 is filed by trusts and non-profit organisations.

• In Meghalaya, the “Citizen Engagement and Communication Programme” was launched by Chief Minister Conrad K Sangma at Tura, West Garo Hills district.
• Launching the programme, the Chief Minister said that the Government has initiated various welfare programmes and the information should be disseminated for the larger benefit of the public.
• This programme aims for grassroots penetration of all schemes so that governance is improved in all aspects.
• The programme will also aim to create much-needed awareness amongst the masses so that people will have the right information to avail benefits of the schemes being launched by the Government.
• He further encouraged the team to sensitize themselves so that they can in turn sensitize the public regarding all the available schemes.