October 16, 2025

Daily Current Affairs

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Current Context : Due to shortage of pilots, Air India is establishing a school in Maharashtra’s Amravati.

  • It will train up to 180 pilots annually.
  • Air India has selected approximately 30 single-engine and four multi-engine aircraft from Piper, an American company, and Diamond, a European manufacturer, for its training fleet.
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iCET Initiative

Current Context : The 2nd meeting of the India-US initiative on Critical and Emerging Technology (iCET) was held between the two countries in New Delhi.

ABOUT ICET

  • The iCET was announced by India and the US in May 2022 and was officially launched in January 2023.
  • It is being run by the National Security Council of both countries.
  • Aim : to promote collaboration in critical and emerging technology areas, including AI, quantum computing, semiconductors, and wireless telecommunication.
  • Under iCET, both countries have identified six areas of cooperation which would include co-development and co-production, that would gradually be expanded to QUAD, then to NATO, followed by Europe and the rest of the world.
  • Under iCET, India is ready to share its core technologies with the US and expects Washington to do the same.

FOCUS AREAS OF THE INITIATIVE:

  • AI research agency partnership.
  • Defense industrial cooperation, defense technological cooperation, and defense startups.
  • Innovation Ecosystems.
  • Semiconductor ecosystem
  • Cooperation on human spaceflight.
  • Advancement in 5G and 6G technologies, and adoption of OpenRAN network technology in India.

PROGRESS MADE SO FAR:

  • Key achievements include the Quantum Coordination Mechanism, public-private dialogue on telecommunication, important exchanges on AI and space, MoU on establishing a semiconductor supply chain, and conclusion of a roadmap for defense industrial
  • The two countries are close to finalizing a mega jet engine deal, and a new initiative called the India-U.S. Defence Acceleration Ecosystem (INDUS-X) is set to be launched.
  • Strategic Trade Dialogue has been established to address regulatory barriers and review export control norms.
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Kavli Prize

Current Context : Recently, 2024 Kavli Prize winners were announced to honoring great work in neuroscience, astrophysics and nanoscience.

  • Eight well-known scholars from American colleges were recognized for their groundbreaking work in these areas.

WINNERS

  • ASTROPHYSICS : David Charbonneau and Sara Seager.
  • NANOSCIENCE : Robert Langer, Armand Paul Alivisatos, and Chad Mirkin
  • NEUROSCIENCE : Nancy Kanwisher, Winrich Freiwald, and Doris Tsao made big steps toward understanding how facial recognition works in the brain.

ABOUT KAVLI PRIZE

  • The Kavli Prize is named after Norwegian-American philanthropist Fred Kavli, donors’ significant achievements in astrophysics, neuroscience, and nanoscience.
  • Established by the Kavli Foundation in 2000.
  • Aim : to support wide-ranging basic research to improve the quality of life for people worldwide.
  • The prize is awarded biennially and includes a $1 million cash award per field, along with a medal and a scroll.
  • The inaugural prize was announced in 2008 and awarded to seven scientists.
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Current Context : India is manufacturing its own long-range air defence system (Iron Dome) and plans to deploy it by 2028-2029.

  • The system is being developed by DRDO under the ambitious Project Kusha.

ABOUT PROJECT KUSHA

  • Project Kusha’ is set to provide the Indian Air Force (IAF) with a long-range air defence
  • Aim : to detect and destroy various hostile targets, including cruise missiles, stealth fighter jets, and drones at extended ranges.
  • The ambitious indigenous project will be developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) at an estimated budget of Rs 21,700 crore.
  • Drawing parallels with Israel’s renowned Iron Dome system, ‘Project Kusha’ is expected to not only match but potentially surpass the capabilities of its Israeli counterpart.

KEY FEATURES:

  • The long-range surface-to-air defence system (LR-SAM) incorporates advanced long-range surveillance and fire control radars, which empower the IAF to effectively monitor airspace and fend off enemy threats.
  • Interceptor missiles, with ranges of 150 km, 200 km and 350 km, provide the ability to detect and strike hostile targets at different distances.
  • It will also be effective in providing strategic and tactical cover.
  • The system reportedly has a single-shot kill chance of at least 80% and over 90% when two missiles are fired after each other.
  • The firing units of ‘Project Kusha‘ can seamlessly integrate with the IAF’s air command and control system, facilitating coordination with a wide range of military radars.
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Nagastra-1

Current Context : Indian Army received First indigenous Loitering Munition suicide drones Nagastra-1

ABOUT

  • Nagastra, is an UAV-based system, functions like an aerial ambush.
  • Developed by Solar Industries’ Economics Explosives Ltd (EEL) Nagpur.
  • Nagastra-1 is a type of “loitering munition.” This means it can hover over a designated area, identifying and locking onto targets before launching a precise attack, even mid-flight.
  • Capable to fly at an altitude of over 4,500 meters, making it undetectable by radar.
  • Weight approximately 9 kg.
  • Equipped with GPS-enabled guidance systems for accurate targeting within a 2-meter radius with an endurance of 30 minutes and a range of up to 30 km.
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World Refugee Day

Celebrated on June 20

  • Theme : Hope Away from Home: A World Where Refugees Are Always Included.
  • Aim : to celebrate and honour refugees from around the world.
  • First established on 20 June 2001, in recognition of the 50th anniversary of the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees by United Nation.

 

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WORLD SICKLE CELL DAY

Celebrated on 19 June.

  • Theme : “Hope Through Progress: Advancing Care Globally.”
  • World Sickle Cell Day is recognised by the United Nations.
  • The UN General Assembly passed the measure in December 2008, recognizing SCD as a public health threat and one of the world’s leading genetic diseases.
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e-Migrate portal

Current Context : Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) and State Bank of India signed an MoU for digital payment services on eMigrate portal.

It will integrate SBIePay with eMigrate portal to provide digital payment services to Indian migrant workers, recruiting agents (RAs), and other users of eMigrate portal.

ABOUT EMIGRATE PORTAL

  • Launched in: 2014 for the online emigration process. Initiative by Overseas Employment Division of MEA to automate emigration processes and create a seamless ecosystem.
  • It assists mainly blue-collar workers going to Emigration Check Required (ECR) countries.
  • Allows ECNR (Emigration Check not Required) passport holders’ voluntary registration.
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Current Context: The Montreal Protocol has successfully reduced radiative forcing and equivalent effective chlorine from hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) since 2021, indicating progress in mitigating climate change and ozone layer loss, as per a new study published in the Nature Journal.

ABOUT

  • The Montreal Protocol, enacted in 1987, is a global treaty designed to phase out the production and use of ozone-depleting substances (ODS).
  • This treaty operates under the framework of the Vienna Convention (adopted in 1985).
  • A significant addition to the Protocol came with the adoption of the Kigali Amendment in 2016, which became effective in 2019.
  • This amendment specifically targets the reduction of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which serve as non-ODS alternatives to previously phased-out substances like Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs).
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Current Context : Union Jal Shakti Ministry launched an e-flow (Environmental Flow) ecological monitoring system.

  • E-flow refers to the flow that is required to meet the ecological functions of the flora and fauna present in the water body.

ABOUT E-FLOW MONITORING SYSTEM

  • It is developed by National Mission for Clean Ganga (Namani Gange).
  • The Namami Gange program involves cleaning the Ganga and now includes its tributaries.
  • It will allow real-time analysis of the water quality of the Ganga, Yamuna, and their tributaries.
  • It will also allow monitoring of the Namami Gange program activities at the central level
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