October 16, 2025
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Syllabus: General Studies Paper 2
Context
The multilateral nuclear talks have began again after the Iranian presidential elections with the new Iranian negotiating team.
According to a report by non partition organisations, Iran started exceeding JCPOA limits on both its allowed stockpile and level of enrichment in 2018 and began re imposing the Economic sanctions
Iran vs. US
- Both the countries want the other party to back down and make concessions, Iran insists on all sanctions being lifted while America is asking Iran to reduce the enrichment of Uranium and accept full International atomic energy agency (IAEA) inspections
- According to experts Iran is playing the North Korean card while moving towards leaving the economics affair of the United States and Europe and joining China and Russia
- Also there are apprehensions about the US not having a clear direction for Iran’s future especially after the the refusal of commitment by US President to lift sanctions on Iran during remaining years of his presidency.
European Stand
- According to political director of European external action service who coordinates talks between heron and 6 powers , the P4+1 must take into account the political sensibilities of the new Iranian administration
- Since China and Russia are in favour of Iran, the Europeans do not seem to be a forceful mediator in the talks, though they are trying to to salvage the deal as quickly as possible as Iran ramps up uranium enrichment
Chinese stance
- China has talked about nuclear hypocrisy of the west suggesting its sympathy towards fundamental arguments of Iranian negotiators which has been dealt a fundamental injustice by America
Israel’s stance
- Israeli officials have been pressing your pin governments and the US on a real Iranian nuclear threat
- According to the former Defence Minister of Israel, quitting the deal during Trump administration was the major mistake of the last decade
- The Prime Minister of Israel has asked US to use a different tool kit against Iran’s forward gallop in the enrichment sphere
- Though, Israel continues to see Islamic republic of Iran as an existential threat, this threat can be justified notably by Iran’s current hegemonic military drive
Iranian Stand
- Iran’s supreme leaders have consistently been centred on the full sanctions removal, however the newly elected government of Iran has repeatedly proclaimed that nothing is agreed on unless everything has been agreed on.
- It appears that the government of Iran is testing the international web lines and trying to leverage iran’s expanding nuclear program to produce more concessions from the international community without paying significant costs
- Iran has already started the advancement of centrifuges to perceive 20% uranium enrichment.
The Hindu Link
Question- Iran-USA nuclear deal has multiple countries as stakeholders which impacts its implementation. Elucidate.
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