Swine Flu (H1N1)

March 7, 2025

The rise in swine flu (H1N1) cases in India has alarmed health authorities, with over 20,414 infections and 347 fatalities reported by December 2024. States such as Delhi, Kerala, and Maharashtra are the most affected.
ABOUT:

A respiratory infection caused by the H1N1 virus, initially found in pigs but now adapted to humans.
Symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, chills, and fatigue, similar to seasonal flu.
Severe cases may lead to pneumonia and respiratory complications.

Delhi reported the highest number of cases, followed by Kerala and Maharashtra.
Maharashtra recorded the highest number of deaths, followed by Kerala, Gujarat, Punjab, Chhattisgarh, and Haryana.
The surge is attributed to seasonal changes, increased human interaction, and the spread of multiple viruses like H1N1, H3N2, and adenoviruses.
The government is actively monitoring the outbreak through the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP).

Seasonal Trends: Peaks typically occur January–March and August–October.
Environmental Conditions: Monsoon and winter months create favorable conditions for the virus.
Increased Travel: Post-pandemic movement has facilitated virus transmission.
Weakened Immunity: Weather changes, COVID-19 effects, and stress have led to reduced immunity.
Vaccination Delays: Limited awareness and access to flu shots contribute to low vaccination rates.

Antiviral medications like oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza) are effective when administered within 48 hours of symptom onset.
Vaccination, good hygiene, and avoiding crowded places can help prevent infection.