Current Context :India plans to launch its first quantum satellite for quantum communication within 2-3 years.
- A quantum satellite secures communication using quantum physics principles.
Features and Functions:
- Signal Security:Protects against quantum computing threats.
- Quantum Key Distribution (QKD):Enables unbreakable encryption by securely sharing encryption keys and detecting eavesdropping.
- Mechanisms:
- Quantum Measurement: Measuring a photon changes its state, revealing any interference.
- Quantum Entanglement: Entangled photons reflect changes in each other instantly, ensuring secure communication.
About National Quantum Mission (NQM):
- Objective:Accelerate advancements in quantum communication and sensing systems.
- Budget:₹6,000 crore, spanning 2023–
- Authority:Implemented by the Department of Science & Technology.
Global Milestone – Micius (China):
- Launch:World’s first quantum satellite launched in 2016.
- Function:Emits entangled photon pairs for secure communication.