October 22, 2025

India-Canada Relations 

Current Context : India and Canada have expelled their top envoys along with other diplomats as the row intensifies over last year’s assassination of a Sikh separatist on Canadian soil.

  • Relations between Delhi and Ottawa worsened after Canada’s Prime Minister Justin Trudeau alleged Indian involvement in the killing of a Canadian Sikh leader, Hardeep Singh Nijjar. India called the accusations absurd.

INDIA-CANADA RELATIONS

  • Bilateral trade in goods : Showed declining trend in 2023 (USD 7.65 billion from USD 10.50 billion in 2022).
    • In December 2023, India exported goods worth $331 million to Canada and imported $444 million, resulting in a trade deficit for India.​
  • Consular Matters : Signed Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty in 1994 and Extradition Treaty in 1987.
  • Nuclear Cooperation Agreement : Signed in 2010 under which Joint Committee on Civil Nuclear Cooperation was instituted.
  • Space: ISRO, launched its 100th Satellite from PSLV in 2018, also flew Canadian first LEO (Low earth Orbit) satellite.
  • Cultural : Canada is home to one of the largest Indian communities, with over 1.6 million people of Indian origin, which plays a significant role in bilateral relations
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