Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) report

Current Context : The Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) 2024 report, jointly released by the UNDP and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI).

Theme 2024: “Poverty Amid Conflict” explores the link between violent conflict and multidimensional poverty.

Key Findings of Global MPI 2024:

• 1 billion people(~18%) live in multidimensional poverty across 112 countries.
• 455 million live in conflict-affected areas.

Impact of Conflict:

• 8%of people in conflict zones are poor, compared to 10.9% in peaceful regions.
• Poverty is more severe in conflict zones, especially in nutrition, electricity access, and child mortality.

Children:

• Over 50%of the MPI-poor are children (584 million). Child poverty rate: 9%

Basic Needs:

• 637 million live with undernourished members, 998 million lack cooking fuel, and 886 million lack adequate housing.

Poverty Reduction:

• 76 of 86 countriesreduced MPI-poverty, with 9 of 17 showing progress post-pandemic

India’s MPI:

• Largest Poor Population: India has 234 million people living in acute poverty, the highest globally.
• India’s National MPI (NMPI): Launched in 2021 by NITI Aayog, it retains the 10 original global MPI indicators and adds two more: Maternal Health and Bank Account ownership.

ABOUT MPI

• It is a poverty measure that reflects the multiple deprivations that poor people face in the areas of education, health, and living standards (refer image).
• Launched: 2010, by UNDP and OPHI.
• Purpose: Measures acute multidimensional poverty based on health, education, and living standards.
• Indicator Threshold: People are considered MPI-poor if deprived in 1/3rd or more of the 10 (weighted) indicators.