G20 Summit 

Current Context : The G20 Summit 2024 was held at the Museum of Modern Art (MAM) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from November 18 to 19, 2024.

Main Themes of the event:

• Global Governance Reform: Discussions on modernizing major international bodies (UN, IMF, World Bank, WTO) to reflect current global challenges.
• Social Inclusion: Initiatives aimed at reducing poverty and inequality.
• Climate Action and Sustainability: Strategies for energy transitions and fostering a sustainable, greener global economy.

Notable Initiatives:

• Global Alliance Against Hunger and Poverty: Launched by Brazil, aiming to mobilize international support to reduce hunger and poverty by 2030.

Key Topics:

• Climate change and energy policies, reflecting the urgent climate crisis.
• Addressing international security and peace, particularly conflicts like the Ukraine war and Israel-Hamas conflict.

Presidency Handover: The event will conclude with Brazil handing over the G20 presidency to South Africa, set to lead in 2025.

• India held the Presidency of the G20 from 1 December 2022 to 30 November 2023.

About G20

• G20 (Group of Twenty) is an international forum of major economies that collaborate on global economic, financial, and political issues. It consists of 19 countries and the European Union.
• Members : Includes the world’s largest economies such as the United States, China, India, Germany, Japan, and Brazil, among others. Collectively, G20 members represent about 85% of global GDP, 75% of international trade, and two-thirds of the world’s population.

Formed in 1999 in response to the financial crises of the late 1990s, aiming to enhance international economic cooperation.