Current Context : The Chhattisgarh High Court acquitted an individual accused of double murder on the grounds of legal insanity, highlighting mental state as a valid legal defence.

ABOUT LEGAL INSANITY

• Definition: A mental condition that disables a person from understanding the nature or consequences of a criminal act.
• Basis: If the person cannot distinguish right from wrong at the time of the crime, they may not be held criminally liable.

Key Features

• It is a legal concept, not a medical
• Requires evidence like psychiatric evaluations, medical records, and behavioural patterns.
• Burden of proof lies on the accused.

Types

• Emotional Insanity: Caused by extreme emotions deranging intellect.
• Temporary Insanity: Exists only at the time of the offence.