Cairo Declaration

March 10, 2025

On March 4, 2025, the Arab League held an Emergency Summit, adopting the Cairo Declaration—a $53-billion plan for Gaza’s reconstruction. This initiative, aimed at addressing the post-conflict humanitarian crisis, hinges on the full implementation of a ceasefire agreement.
Key Elements of the Cairo Declaration

Rebuilding Gaza’s Infrastructure: Aims to restore essential services and stabilize the region through financial and political support.
Gaza Administration Committee: Proposes a governing body led by qualified Gazans to oversee administration and governance.
Trust Fund for Reconstruction: Calls for the establishment of a dedicated fund to ensure transparent and efficient rebuilding efforts.
UN Peacekeeping Deployment: Suggests stationing UN peacekeeping forces in Gaza and the West Bank to maintain stability and prevent further conflict.

Historical Context and Previous Initiatives
- Builds upon past Arab League proposals, particularly the Bahrain Declaration (May 2024).
- Aligns with the Arab Peace Initiative (2002), which advocates for a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Political Dynamics and Palestinian Governance
- Stresses the need to unify Palestinian factions under the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).
- Notably omits any reference to Hamas, allowing the group to maintain influence during the transition.
- Proposes an interim governance structure to restore administration and prepare for future elections.
International Reactions and Challenges
- Israel and the United States have expressed concerns, particularly over Hamas’ potential role.
- Israel opposes the PLO’s involvement in Gaza’s governance.
- The success of the Cairo Declaration depends on cooperation from all stakeholders, including international actors and regional powers.