Indonesia new capital in Borneo

March 11, 2023

The new capital Nusantara is located in East Kalimantan province on the Indonesian part of Borneo.
- East Kalimantan is an area with immense water resources and habitable terrain on Borneo island which is shared by Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei.
- Indonesian officials say the new metropolis will be a “sustainable forest city” that puts the environment at the heart of the development and aims to be carbon-neutral by 2045.
Reasons For Shift
- Jakarta is home to about 10 million people and extremely congested.
- Jakarta is the world’s most rapidly sinking city and at the current rate, it is estimated that one-third of the city could be submerged by 2050.
  - Uncontrolled groundwater extraction and rising Java Sea due to climate change are considered main reasons for sinking.
- It floods regularly and its streets are so clogged that it’s estimated congestion costs the economy $4.5 billion a year.
- Jakarta’s air and water are heavily polluted. It is also prone to earthquakes.
Issues
- East Kalimantan is rich in flora and fauna. Moving the capital to East Kalimantan would lead to massive deforestation and put the habitat of animals and trees in danger and damage the ecosystem.
- Relocation of Indigenous Balik people because of the construction,