ANSWER: B

WHY IN NEWS ?

• Recently, world leaders convened at the Climate Breakthroughs Summit to demonstrate progress in critical sectors of the global economy, including steel, shipping, green hydrogen and nature.

About:

• This is collaboration between the World Economic Forum, Mission Possible Partnership, the United Nations Climate Champions, and the United Kingdom (COP 26 Presidency).
• It aims to demonstrate the need for systemic change to accelerate the global transition to a zero-carbon economy.
  • The “Zero carbon economy” refers to the green ecological economy based on low energy consumption and low pollution, where emissions are compensated by absorption and removal of greenhouse gases (net-zero).
• One of its key campaigns is the ‘Race to Zero’ campaign that mobilises support of 708 cities, 24 regions, 2,360 businesses, 163 investors, and 624 higher education institutions to move towards zero-carbon recovery for a sustainable future.

ANSWER: B

WHY IN NEWS ?

• Recently, the Ministry of Ayush launched its Ayush Clinical Case Repository (ACCR) portal.

About:

• It is conceptualized and developed by the Ministry of Ayush as a platform to support both Ayush practitioners and the public.
• It welcomes Ayush practitioners from all over the world to enrol and share information about successfully treated cases for the benefit of all.
• Cases whose details are posted here will be screened by experts, and will be uploaded for all to read/view subject to their review.

Aim:

• To portray the strengths of Ayush systems for treatment of various disease conditions.

ANSWER: C

WHY IN NEWS ?

• Recently, the death anniversary of Begum Sultan Jahan was observed.
• She was a Philanthropist, Prolific writer, Feminist, Symbol of Women Empowerment, First female Chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University.

About:

• Birth: In 1858 (Bhopal).
  • She was the last Begum of Bhopal. Ruled from 1909 to 1926 after which she was succeeded by her son.
    • Fourth female ruler of Bhopal.
  • Set up the municipality system, introduced municipal elections and constructed a walled city and a palace for herself.
  • Her progressive policies for women, at a time when they were shackled by the forces of patriarchy, have made her a feminist icon even today.
  • Constructed a Meeting Hall for Ladies in Lahore in 1913.
  • Organised an exhibition called ‘Numaish Masunuaat e Hind’ in Bhopal to encourage women and promote handicrafts.
  • Established the Sultan Jahan Endowment Trust with a corpus of Rs three lakhs for helping needy students.
  • Funded a Madrasa in Deoband (UP), Nadwatul Uloom in Lucknow and even Madarsa Sultania in Mecca, Saudi Arabia.
  • Authored a book, Dars-e-Hayat, about the education and parenting of young girls.
  • Started a nursing school called Lady Minto Nursing School.
  • She was the first women chancellor of AMU (Aligarh Muslim University).
• Death: 12th May 1930

ANSWER: C

WHY IN NEWS ?

• World Menstrual Hygiene Day is observed every year on May 28. The day is marked across the globe to address societal stigma and to raise awareness on maintaining menstrual hygiene.

• Who launched the day ?

• Menstrual Hygiene Day is a global movement which seeks to normalise menstruation. It was initiated by German non-profit organisation “WASH United” which is also a global coordinator for this day.  It was first launched in 2014.

Significance of the day

• Menstrual Hygiene Day is a global advocacy platform which brings together voices and actions of individuals, government agencies, non-profits, private sector and media on promotion of good menstrual health and hygiene menstruation for women and girls across the world.

• Theme of year 2021:

• This year, day is being observed under the theme– “Action and Investment in Menstrual Hygiene and Health”

ANSWER: A

WHY IN NEWS ?

• Hong Kong mountaineer, Tsang Yin-hung, recorded “world’s fastest ascent of Everest by a woman” in just 26 hours.

• About:

• Tsang climbed 8,848.86-metre Mountain in a record time of 25 hours and 50 minutes in her third attempt.
• Earlier in 2017, Tsang became first Hong Kong woman to climb the top.
• She broke the earlier record of Nepali women Phunjo Jhangmu Lama completed the climb in 39 hours 6 minutes.

Mount Everest

• The highest mountain above sea level, in world, is located in Mahalangur Himal sub-range of Himalayas. China–Nepal border runs across its summit point. Its snow height is of 8,848.86 m recorded recently in 2020 by Nepali and Chinese authorities.

ANSWER: D

WHY IN NEWS ?

• Part of structure of a key protein in COVID-19 virus was revealed by researchers from Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi.

• How this study is significant ?

• Covid-19 protein structure will help in understanding mode of action & its role in spread and severity of covid-19 disease. It will also help in development of antiviral therapeutics.
• Further, current COVID-19 treatments only manage symptoms while body fights infection with its immune defence system. It is not yet confirmed whether antiviral drugs can stop virus from replicating. One way to neutralise virus is to attack its proteins. Thus, this study will help in developing neutralising agents.

Structure of virus

• This virus comprises of 16 non-structural proteins (NSP1-NSP16). Out of them, NSP1 plays a significant role in pathogenicity, that is, ability of virus to cause disease. NSP1 disrupts proteins of host cell and suppresses immune functions. NSP1 is also called as ‘host shutoff factor’.