Revision Series | Science and Tech| Genetics | 90

August 10, 2023

Which one of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance?

(A) Skin colour in humans.
(B) Flower colour in Mirabilis jalapa.
(C) Production of male honey bee.
(D) Pod shape in garden pea.

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ANSWER : A

What will never be father’s blood group if the mother has blood group B and child blood group O?

(A) A
(B) B
(C) AB
(D) O

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ANSWER : C

Which of the following statement is not correct with respect to Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)?

(A) It is found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and in many viruses.
(B) The DNA molecule consists of a single strand that is made of deoxyribose and phosphate groups.
(C) DNA codes genetic information for the transmission of inherited traits.
(D) Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.

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ANSWER : B

Read the following statements and choose the set of correct statements:
(a) Euchromatin is loosely packed chromatin
(b) Heterochromatin is transcriptionally active
(c) Histone octamer is wrapped by negatively charged DNA in the nucleosome
(d) Histones are rich in lysine and arginine
(e) A typical nucleosome contains 400 bp of DNA helix
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) (a), (c), (e) Only
(B) (b), (d), (e) Only
(C) (a), (c), (d) Only
(D) (b), (e) Only

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ANSWER : C

In the context of recent advances in human reproductive technology, “Pronuclear Trans- fer” is used for

(A) Fertilization of egg in vitro by the donor sperm
(B) Genetic modification of sperm producing cells
(C) Development of stem cells into functional embryos
(D) Prevention of mitochondrial diseases in offspring

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ANSWER: D

mRNA is a polymer of

(A) Ribonucleoside
(B) Deoxyribonucleotides
(C) Deoxyribonucleosides
(D) Ribonucleotides

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ANSWER: D

In the context of hereditary diseases, consider the following statements:
1. Passing on mitochondrial diseases from parent to child can be prevented by mitochondrial replacement therapy either before or after in vitro fertilization of egg.
2. A child inherits mitochondrial diseases entirely from the mother and not from the father.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(A) 1 only
(B) 2 only
(C) Both 1 and 2
(D) Neither 1 nor 2

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ANSWER : C

Bollgard I and Bollgard II technologies are mentioned in the context of

(A) Clonal propagation of crop plants.
(B) Developing genetically modified crop plants.
(C) Production of plant growth substances.
(D) Production of biofertilizers.

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ANSWER : B

Bollgard I Bt cotton (single-gene technology) is India’s first biotech crop technology approved for commercialization in India in 2002, followed by Bollgard II – double-gene technology in mid-2006, by the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC), the Indian regulatory body for biotech crops

What is the Cas9 protein that is often mentioned in news?

(A) A molecular scissors used in targeted gene editing
(B) A biosensor used in the accurate detection of pathogens in patients
(C) A gene that makes plants pest-resistant
(D) A herbicidal substance synthesized in genetically modified crops

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ANSWER : A

Consider the following statements: DNA Barcoding can be a tool to:
1. assess the age of a plant or animal.
2. distinguish among species that look alike.
3. identify undesirable animal or plant materials in processed foods.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(A) 1 only
(B) 3 only
(C) 1 and 2
(D) 2 and 3

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ANSWER : D

Think about the following claims regarding mRNA vaccines:
1. mRNA vaccines function by introducing an mRNA sequence into the body that codes for a disease-specific antigen.
2. In a lab, an artificial mRNA sequence can be created.
3. There is no indigenous mRNA-based vaccine that has been approved in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(A) 1 only
(B) 1 and 3 only
(C) 1, 2 and 3
(D) 2 and 3 only

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ANSWER : C

What other benefits have genetically modified plants been developed besides insect resistance?
1. to make them drought-resistant
2. To make it possible for them to grow and perform
3. photosynthesis in spaceships and space stations To boost the nutritional content of the produce
4. To prolong their useful life
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

(A) 1 and 2 only
(B) 3 and 4 only
(C) 1, 2 and 4 only
(D) 1, 2, 3 and 4

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ANSWER : C

Take into account the following claims on the benefits of bio-pesticides:
1. Compared to traditional insecticides, these are typically naturally less hazardous.
2. Making biopesticides involves less upfront money.
3. Bio-pesticides frequently degrade quickly and are effective in extremely small doses.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?

(A) 1 and 2 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 1 and 3 only
(D) All of the above

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ANSWER : C

Consider the following statements:
1. Genetic changes can be introduced in the cells that produce eggs or sperms of a prospective parent.
2. A person’s genome can be edited before birth at the early embryonic stage.
3. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells can be injected into the embryo of a pig.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(A) 1 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 2 only
(D) 1,2 and 3

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ANSWER : D

With reference to the Genetically Modified mustard (GM mustard) developed in India, consider the following statements:
1. GM mustard has the genes of a soil bacterium that give the plant the property of pest-resistance to a wide variety of pests.
2. GM mustard has the genes that allow the plant cross-pollination and hybridization.
3. GM mustard has been developed jointly by the IARI and Punjab Agricultural University.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(A) 1 and 3
(B) Only 2
(C) 2 and 3
(D) 1.2 and 3

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ANSWER : B