Revision Series | Polity | The States | 57

Answer: (b)

When the Governor reserves a bill for the consideration of the President, he will not have any further role in the enactment of the bill. If the bill is returned by the President for the reconsideration of the House or Houses and is passed again, the bill must be presented again for the Presidential assent only. President can refuse to give assent to the state bill for multiple times.

Answer: (b)

There shall be a council of Ministers with the chief Minister at the head to aid and advise the Governor in the exercise of his functions, except in so far as he is by or under this constitution required to exercise his functions or any of them in his discretion.

Answer: (d)

• The Parliament can abolish a legislative council or create it if the legislative assembly of the concerned state passes a resolution to that effect. Such a specific resolution must be passed by the state assembly by a special majority. This Act of Parliament is not to be deemed as an amendment of the Constitution for the purposes of Article 368 and is passed as an ordinary piece of legislation by a simple majority.
• An ordinary bill can originate in either House of the state legislature. If the assembly rejects the amendments suggested by the council or the council rejects the bill altogether or does not take any action for three months, then the assembly may pass the bill again and transmit the same to the council. If the council rejects the bill again or passes the bill with amendments not acceptable to the assembly or does not pass the bill within one month, then the bill is deemed to have been passed by both the Houses in the form in which it was passed by the assembly for the second time.

Answer: (d)

Grounds for the disqualification:

• If he is of unsound mind.
• if he is an undischarged insolvent.
• if he is so disqualified under any law made by Parliament
• Not a citizen of India

Answer: (d)

• Interstate council was established on the recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission.
• V. P. Singh established the Inter-State Council in 1990.

Answer: (b)

Of the total number of members of a legislative council:

• 1/3 are elected by the members of local bodies in the state like municipalities, district boards, etc.,
• 1/12 are elected by graduates of three years standing and residing within the state,
• 1/12 are elected by teachers of three years standing in the state, not lower in standard than secondary school,
• 1/3 are elected by the members of the legislative assembly of the state from amongst persons who are not members of the assembly, and
• The remainder are nominated by the Governor from amongst persons who have a special knowledge or practical experience of literature, science, art, cooperative movement and social service.
• Thus, 5/6 of the total number of members of a legislative council are indirectly elected and 1/6 are nominated by the Governor. The members are elected in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of a single transferable vote. The bonafides or propriety of the governor ‘s nomination in any case cannot be challenged in the courts.

Answer: (a)

• The Governor of a state can issue ordinances under Article 213 of the Constitution, when the state legislative assembly (or either of the two Houses in states with bicameral legislatures) is not in session
• Kerala promulgated 144 ordinances in 2021. Ordinances are temporary laws that the government can make when immediate action is required, and the legislature is not in session. This is noteworthy, because the Kerala State Assembly met for 61 days in 2021, making it the one with the greatest number of sittings in the country. This is at a time when all State Assemblies met for an average of 21 days.

Answer: (b)

The Zonal Councils are the statutory (and not the constitutional) bodies. They are established by the States Reorganisation Act of 1956. The act divided the country into five zones (Northern, Central, Eastern, Western and Southern) and provided a zonal council for each zone. However, the North-Eastern Council was created by a separate Act of Parliament—the North-Eastern Council Act of 1971. The union home minister is the common chairman of all the zonal councils.

Answer: (c)

• Office of the Governor is adopted from the Government of India Act of 1935 while the method of appointment of state governors by the Centre is borrowed from the Canadian Constitution.
• Usually, there is a Governor for each state, but the 7th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1956 facilitated the appointment of the same person as a governor for two or more states.
• Article 262 contemplates the establishment of an Inter-State Council to effect coordination among the states and between Centre and states.

Answer: (a)

Article 249 says that the Council of States has declared by resolution supported by not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting that it is necessary or  expedient in the national interest that Parliament should make laws with respect to any  matter enumerated in the State List specified in the resolution. Hence statement 2 is  correct.

Parliament can legislate a subject of state in following condition: Article 250, Article 252, Article 253 and Article 356.

Answer: (c)

• Sikkim became the associate State of India Vide Constitution(35th Amendment) Act 1974.
• Sikkim became the 22nd State of India Vide Constitution(36th Amendment) Act 1975.

Answer: (b)

Answer: (c)

• Usually, there is a governor for each State, but the 7th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1956 facilitated the appointment of the same person as a governor of two or more states.
• Governor is entitled to such emoluments, allowances, and privileges as may be determined by Parliament.
• Since the Governor holds the office under the pleasure of the President, his office has no fixed term.
• President can remove the Governor and the grounds upon which he may be removed are not laid down in the constitution.

Answer: (b)

• Article 60:……..will to the best of my ability preserve, protect and defend the Constitution and the law, and that I will devote myself to the service and well-being of the people of the Republic of India.
• Article 159: ……….my ability preserve, protect and defend the Constitution and the law and that I will devote myself to the service and well-being of the people of ………. (name of the State).

Answer: (d)