Indian Polity Quiz: Day 49

Answer: (c)

The duties and functions of the CAG as laid down by the parliament and the Constitution are:

• Audits the accounts related to all expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of India (266), consolidated fund of each state and of each union territory having a Legislative Assembly.
• He audits all expenditures from the Contingency Fund of India(267(1)) and the Public Account of India and of each state.
• He audits all bodies and authorities substantially financed from the Central or state revenues, Government companies, etc.
• He audits the accounts of any other authority when requested by the President or Governor.
• He submits his audit reports relating to the accounts of the Centre to President (to the governor), who shall, in turn, place them before both the Houses of the Parliament (state legislature).
• He compiles and maintains the accounts of state governments. In 1976, he was relieved of his responsibilities with regard to the compilation and maintenance of accounts of the Central Government.
• He can also be removed by the president on same grounds and in the same manner as a judge of the Supreme Court.

Answer: (d)

• Fundamental responsibilities are solely applicable to Indian nationals.
• Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution are inspired by the Constitution of erstwhile USSR.
• A new Fundamental Duty – to provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years. It was added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002. The Fundamental Duties have been amended only once since their incorporation.
• Like the Directive Principles, the fundamental duties are also non-justiciable. The Constitution does not provide for its direct enforcement by the courts. Moreover, there is not legal sanction against their violation. However, Parliament can make laws to enforce some Fundamental duties.

Answer: (c)

• Lok Adalat has been given statutory status under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987.
• There is no court fee and if court fee is already paid the amount will be refunded if the dispute is settled at Lok Adalat.
• There is no strict application of procedural laws like the Civil Procedure laws like the Civil Procedure Code and the Evidence Act while assessing the claim by Lok Adalat.
• The award by the Lok Adalat is binding on the parties and it has the status of a decree of a civil court, and it is non appealable, which does not cause the delay in the settlement of disputes finally.

Answer: (d)

• The Speaker is elected by the Lok Sabha from amongst its members. The date of election of the Speaker is fixed by the President. Hence, statement 1 is not correct.
• Though the Speaker being a member of the ruling party, whenever the Lok Sabha is dissolved, the Speaker does not vacate his office and continues till the newly-elected Lok Sabha meets, in order to avoid interregnum. Hence, statement 2 is not correct.

Answer: (b)

Article 75:

• President appoints PM and other ministers are appointed by the President on the advice of the PM.
• Ministers hold their office during the pleasure of the President.
• Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha.

If the person chosen as Prime Minister is neither a member of the Lok Sabha nor the Rajya Sabha at the time of selection, they must become a member of either of the houses within six months.

Answer: (b)

• Article 60:……..will to the best of my ability preserve, protect and defend the Constitution and the law, and that I will devote myself to the service and well-being of the people of the Republic of India.
• Article 159: ……….my ability preserve, protect and defend the Constitution and the law and that I will devote myself to the service and well-being of the people of ………. (name of the State).
• Schedule 3: I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India as by law established, that I will uphold the sovereignty and integrity of India, that I will duly and faithfully and to the best of my ability, knowledge and judgment perform the duties of my office without fear or favour, affection or ill-will and that I will uphold the Constitution and the laws.

Answer: (d)

• Constitution (45th Amendment) Act was passed in 1980. It extended the period of reservation of seats for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha and the State Legislative Assemblies till 1990.
• 64th 1990: Article 356 amended to permit President’s rule up to three years and six months in the state of Punjab.
• 69th Amendment,1992: To provide for a legislative assembly and council of ministers for National Capital Territory of Delhi. Delhi continues to be a Union Territory.
• 100th Amendment, 2015: Land boundary agreement with Bangladesh

Answer: (d)

Answer: (c)

Answer: (d)

L M SINGHVI COMMITTEE

• The Rajiv Gandhi Government, in 1986 appointed a committee to prepare a concept paper on the topic ‘Revitalisation of Panchayati Raj Institutions for Democracy and Development’.

It made the following recommendations:

• The Panchayati Raj institutions should be Constitutionally recognised, protected and preserved.
• Nyaya Panchayats should be established for a cluster of villages.
• The villages should be reorganised to make Gram Panchayats more viable.
• It also emphasised the importance of the Gram Sabha and called it as the embodiment of direct democracy.
• The Village Panchayats should have more financial resources.
• The judicial tribunals should be established in each State to adjudicate controversies about election to the Panchayati Raj institutions.

Answer: (c)

Appointment of District Judge

• The appointment, posting and promotion of district judges in a state are made by the governor of the state in consultation with the high court.

A person to be appointed as district judge should have the following qualifications:

• He should not already be in the service of the Central or the state government.
• He should have been an advocate or a pleader for seven years.

He should be recommended by the high court for appointment.

Answer: (a)

Answer: (c)

Article 120: Language to be used in Parliament –

Provided that the Chairman of the Council of States or Speaker of the House of the People, or person acting as such, as the case may be, may permit any member who cannot adequately express himself in Hindi or in English to address the House in his mother-tongue

Answer: (d)

• Delhi has its own high court while Puducherry comes under the jurisdiction of Madras high court.
• Andaman and Nicobar comes under the jurisdiction of Calcutta high court.

Answer: (c)

Article 3 Parliament may by law-

(a) Form a new State by separation of territory from a State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States;

(b) Increase the area of any State;

(c) Diminish the area of any State;

(d) Alter the boundaries of any State;

(e) Alter the name of any State:

A bill can be introduced in the Parliament only with the prior recommendation of the President.

Before recommending the bill, the President has to refer the same to the state legislature concerned for expressing its views within a specified period.