Answer: B

Key Points

• The Supreme Court collegium has made recommendations to five new Chief Justices of high courts.
• It is the system of appointment and transfer of judges that has evolved through judgments of the Supreme Court (SC), and not by an Act of Parliament or by a provision of the Constitution.
• The SC collegium is headed by the CJI (Chief Justice of India) and comprises four other senior most judges of the court.
• Judges of the higher judiciary are appointed only through the collegium system and the government has a role only after names have been decided by the collegium.

Answer: D

Recently, the Supreme Court declared that State Election Commissions across the country cannot skip their constitutional obligation to conduct polls to Local Bodies every five years.

About Local Self Government:

• Local Self Government is the management of local affairs by such local bodies who have been elected by the local people.
• The local self-Government includes both rural and urban government.
• It is the third level of the government.
• There are 2 types of local government in operation – panchayatas in rural areas and Municipalities in urban areas.

Salient Features of 73rd Constitutional Amendment?

Compulsory Provisions:

• Organisation of Gram Sabhas;
• Creation of a three-tier Panchayati Raj Structure at the Zila, Block and Village levels;
• Almost all posts, at all levels to be filled by direct elections;
• Minimum age for contesting elections to the Panchayati Raj institutions be twenty one years;
• The post of Chairman at the Zila and Block levels should be filled by indirect election;
• There should be reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes/ Scheduled Tribes in Panchayats, in proportion to their population, and for women in Panchayats up to one-third seats;
• State Election Commission to be set up in each State to conduct elections to Panchayati Raj institutions;
• The tenure of Panchayati Raj institutions is five years, if dissolved earlier, fresh elections to be held within six months;
• A State Finance Commission is set up in each State every five years.

Voluntary:

• Giving voting rights to members of the Central and State legislatures in these bodies;
• Providing reservation for backward classes; and
• The Panchayati Raj institutions should be given financial powers in relation to taxes, levy fees etc. and efforts shall be made to make Panchayats autonomous bodies

Answer: B

Key Points

• May 12 is observed as International Nurses’ Day across the world to honour the services of nurses. It is the birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale, the English social reformer, statistician and founder of modern nursing.
• She was also known as Lady with the Lamp. She was the founder of modern nursing and was a British social reformer and statistician.
• The theme for this year’s Nurses’ Day is “Nurses: A Voice to Lead – Invest in Nursing and respect rights to secure global health”. Many hospitals across the world are observing International Nurses Week from May 6 to 12. As part of it, several activities, including yoga sessions and seminars are being organised.

Answer: C

Key Points:

• Russian chess grandmaster, Yuri Averbakh who was among the world’s best players for a decade, trained world champions and was the last surviving participant in one of the greatest competitions in history, has died in Moscow at 100.
• He won the Moscow Championship in 1949 and earned the Grandmaster title in 1952. In 1954, he became the champion of the USSR. He also chaired the Chess Federation of the USSR from 1972 to 1977.

Answer: D

Key Points

1. The 12th edition of the IBA Women’s World Boxing Championships was kick-started in Istanbul, Turkey. In this event, more than 400 boxers from a record 93 countries are set to take part in this year’s event, which also marks the 20th anniversary of the prestigious event.
2. Olympian Lovlina Borgohain will represent the Indian country. The other representatives of this game are Pooja Rani (81 kg), Nandini (+81 kg) and Nikhat Zareen (52 kg), Nitu (48kg), Anamika (50kg), Shiksha (54kg), Manisha (57kg), Parveen (63kg) and Sweety (75kg).

About International Boxing Association (IBA)

• International Boxing Association (IBA) was formed in 1946
• Headquarters of IBA: Lausanne, Switzerland;
• President of IBA: Umar Nazarovich Kremlev.