Daily Current Affairs Quiz: May 09, 2022

Answer: C

Amit Shah, The Union Home Ministry has ruled out the possibility of State’s Emergency

WHY IN NEWS  

The demand for central rule in the state is rising, alleging collapsing law and order.

State Emergency (President’s Rule)

Article 356  of the Constitution of India gives the President of India power to suspend state government and impose President’s rule of any state in the country “if he is satisfied that a situation has arisen in which the government of the state cannot be carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution”.

Parliamentary Approval and Duration:

A proclamation imposing President’s Rule must be approved by both the Houses of Parliament within two months from the date of its issue. Initially valid for six months, the President’s Rule can be extended for a maximum period of three years with the approval of the Parliament, every six months.

Answer: A

• According to the Bengali calendar, the Tagore Jayanti falls on the 25th day of the Boishakh month.
• This year, the Jayanti will be celebrated across the Bengali community in India and Bangladesh on May 9
• Rabindranath Tagore was born in Calcutta on May 7, 1861. He was also referred to as ‘Gurudev’, ‘Kabiguru’, and ‘Biswakabi’.
• Rabindranath was an exceptional literary figure and a renowned polymath who singlehandedly reshaped the region’s literature and music.
• In 1913 Rabindranath Tagore was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for his work on Gitanjali.
• He was the first non-European to receive the Nobel Prize .
• In 1915 Tagore was awarded knighthood by the British King George V. In 1919, following the Jallianwalla Bagh massacre he renounced his Knighthood.
• Besides all his literary achievements he was also a philosopher and educationist who in 1921 established the Vishwa-Bharati University, a university that challenged conventional education.
• Rabindranath Tagore was a good friend of Mahatma Gandhi and is said to have given him the title of Mahatma.
• He not only gave the national anthems for two countries, India and Bangladesh, but also inspired a Ceylonese student of his, to pen and compose the national anthem of Sri Lanka

Answer: D

About Gopal krishan Gokhale

• Birth: Gopal Krishna Gokhale was born on 9 May 1866 in Kotluk village in Maharashtra in a Brahmin family.
• Role in Colonial Legislatures:
  Between 1899 and 1902, he was a member of the Bombay Legislative Council followed by work at the Imperial Legislative Council from 1902 till his death (1915).
• At the Imperial legislature, Gokhale played a key role in framing the Morley-Minto reforms of 1909.
• Role in INC:
  He was associated with the Moderate Group of Indian National Congress (joined in 1889).
• He became president of INC in 1905 in Banaras session.
• This was the time when bitter differences had arisen between his group of ‘Moderates’ and the ‘Extremists’ led by Lala Lajpat Rai and Bal Gangadhar Tilak among others. The two factions split at the Surat session of 1907.
• Despite the ideological difference, in 1907, he intensely campaigned for the release of Lala Lajpat Rai, who was imprisoned that year by the British at Mandalay in present-day Myanmar.
• He established the Servants of India Society in 1905 for the expansion of Indian education.
• He was also associated with the Sarvajanik sabha journal started by Govind Ranade.
• In 1908, Gokhale founded the Ranade Institute of Economics.
• He started english weekly newspaper, The Hitavada (The people’s paper).
• Mentor to Gandhi:
• As a liberal nationalist, he is regarded by Mahatma Gandhi as his political guru.
• Gandhi wrote a book in Gujarati dedicated to the leader titled ‘Dharmatma Gokhale’.

Answer: A

• PMJJBY, PMSBY and APY were launched by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on 9th May, 2015 from Kolkata, West Bengal.
• These three social security schemes are dedicated to the welfare of the citizens, recognising the need for securing human life from unforeseen risks/losses and financial uncertainties.

ABOUT THE SCHEMES

Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY)

Scheme: PMJJBY is a one-year life insurance scheme renewable from year to year offering coverage for death due to any reason.

Eligibility: Individuals in the age group of 18-50 years having a savings bank or a post office account are entitled to enroll under the scheme. People who join the scheme before completing 50 years of age can continue to have the risk of life covered up to age of 55 years upon payment of premium.

Benefits: Life cover of Rs. 2 Lakh in case of death due to any reason against a premium of Rs. 330/- per annum.

Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY)

Scheme: PMSBY is a one-year accidental insurance scheme renewable from year to year offering coverage for death or disability due to accident.

Eligibility: Individuals in the age group of 18-70 years having a savings bank or a post office account are entitled to enroll under the scheme.

Benefits: Accidental death cum disability cover of Rs.2 lakh (Rs.1 lakh in case of partial disability) for death or disability due to an accident.

Atal Pension Yojana (APY)

The Atal Pension Yojana (APY) was launched to create a universal social security system for all Indians, especially the poor, the under-privileged and the workers in the unorganised sector. It is an initiative of the Government to provide financial security and cover future exigencies for the people in the unorganized sector.

Eligibility: APY is open to all bank account holders in the age group of 18 to 40 years and the contributions differ, based on pension amount chosen.

Benefits: Subscribers would receive the guaranteed minimum monthly pension of Rs. 1000 or Rs. 2000 or Rs. 3000 or Rs. 4000 or Rs. 5000 at the age of 60 years, based on the contributions made by the subscriber after joining the scheme.

Answer: –  A

• To combat the increasing pollution and rejuvenate Dal Lake, a unique initiative known as ‘Athwas’ has been launched by the Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha.
• ‘Athwas’ is a unique partnership between citizens and authorities for the rejuvenation of Lake. It involves community participation.
• Under the initiative, the de-weeding and dredging will be conducted in collaboration with the citizens.

About Dal:

• It was known as the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir.
• It is named the “Jewel in the crown of Kashmir” or “Srinagar’s Jewel”.
• The lake is also an important source for commercial operations in fishing and water plant harvesting.
• The lake is located in the Zabarwan mountain valley, in the foothills of the Shankracharya hills, which surround it on three sides.
• The lake has four main interconnected basins namely, Hazratbal, Bod dal, Gagribal and Nagin.
• The floating gardens here, known as “Raad” in Kashmiri, blossom with lotus flowers during July and August.

Answer: C

• As per the report of the 5th round of the National Family Health Survey -5
• The total fertility rate of India has declined from 2.2 to 2.0 between the fourth National Family Health Survey (NFHS) conducted in 2015-16 and the fifth one in 2019-21.
• This indicates the significant progress of population control measures.
• There are only five states in India, which are above the replacement level of fertility of 2.1.
• This includes Bihar (2.98), Meghalaya (2.91), Uttar Pradesh (2. 35), Jharkhand (2.26) and Manipur (2.17).

Note – The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) is measured as the average number of children per woman.

Answer – A

• The State of World’s Birds report was recently published.
• It is BirdLife International’s flagship science publication, using birds to assess the condition of our ecosystems as a whole.
• BirdLife International is a global partnership of non-governmental organizations that strives to conserve birds and their habitats.
• Headquarters:  Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Highlights of the 2022 report:

• Around 48% of bird species worldwide are known or suspected to be undergoing population declines.
• In India, nearly 80% species are declining in numbers, and almost 50% plummeting strongly.
• The situation is similar in the European Union, where trends across 378 species indicate an overall decrease in breeding bird abundance of 17-19% between 1980 and 2017.
• The study found that bird species and abundance data from the tropics is scarce but in many countries such as India, citizen science driven data was available.

 Reasons behind this decline:

• The report has attributed the threat to almost half of the 10,994 recognised extant species of birds to the expanding human footprint on the natural world and climate change.
• The degradation and loss of natural habitats as well as direct overexploitation of many species are the key threats to avian biodiversity.

Answer – C

5000-year-old jewellery factory found in Haryana’s Indus Valley site Rakhi Garhi

About Rakhigarhi

• The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), which has been working in Rakhi Garhi in Haryana for the last 32 years, made one of its biggest discoveries yet with the excavation of a 5000 year old jewellery making factory.
• Rakhi Garhi is a village and one of the oldest archaeological sites belonging to the Indus Valley Civilisation in Hisar district of Haryana.
• The structure of some houses, a kitchen complex and a 5000-year-old jewellery making factory was discovered, which shows that the site must have been a very important trade centre. Copper and gold jewellery were also found which had been hidden for thousands of years.
• Like Sinauli in Uttar Pradesh- which gained attention for its Bronze Age solid-disk wheel carts found in 2018, which were interpreted by some as horse-pulled “chariots”- graveyards have been found in the excavation sites which archaeologists say explain that civilisation believed in life after death.