Daily Current Affairs Quiz: September 15, 2025

Answer: c

Celebrated on 14 September every year to honour the adoption of Hindi as the official language of India.

ABOUT HINDI DIWAS

• On 14 September 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India adopted Hindi in Devanagari script as the official language of the Republic of India.
• It recognises the role of Hindi in national integration and communication.
• The day promotes awareness about the use and importance of the Hindi language.
• The first Hindi Diwas was celebrated in 1953.

Answer: a

Celebrated on 15 September every year in India

Aim : to honour the contribution of engineers in nation building.

ABOUT ENGINEER’S DAY

• It marks the birth anniversary of Bharat Ratna Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya (1861–1962).
• Visvesvaraya was a renowned civil engineer, statesman, and the Diwan of Mysore (1912–1919).
• He made pioneering contributions in the field of irrigation, flood control, and dams (notably the Krishna Raja Sagara Dam).

Answer: d

Observed on 15 September every year to promote democratic values worldwide.

ABOUT INTERNATIONAL DAY OF DEMOCRACY

• Established in 2007 by the United Nations General Assembly.
• Aim: To raise public awareness about democracy as a universal value and to uphold human rights and the rule of law.
• Emphasises that democracy is about people and participation, not just elections.
• Encourages governments to strengthen democratic institutions and civic education.

Answer: b

Current Context: India has successfully tested the indigenously developed Supersonic TARget (STAR) missile, ending the country’s dependence on costly imported target systems for missile training exercises.

ABOUT STAR MISSILE

• Developer: Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
• Purpose: To simulate realistic threats for training India’s armed forces in missile interception and defence systems
• Nature: Not a combat weapon — mimics enemy missiles for training

Variants:

• Air-Launched STAR:
  • Can be launched from fighter jets like LCA Tejas
  • Simulates air-to-air and air-to-ground strikes including Anti-Radiation and Anti-AWACS roles
• Ground-Launched STAR:
  • Truck-mounted, mobile
  • Can be launched from shorelines or remote areas

Key Features:

• Two-stage propulsion:
  • Solid booster rocket for launch
  • Liquid Fuel Ramjet (LFRJ) for sustained supersonic speed
• Speed: Mach 1.8 – 2.5
• Altitude: 100 metres – 10 kilometres
• Range: 55 – 175 kilometres
• Flight time: 50 – 200 seconds
• Simulates sea-skimming and high-altitude attack profiles
• Highly manoeuvrable and can perform evasive movements
• Allows radar and missile systems to practice interception
• Option for safe recovery or detonation after mission

Answer: c

Current Context: Andhra Pradesh’s Erra Matti Dibbalu (Red Sand Dunes) have recently been included in the UNESCO Tentative List of World Heritage Sites.

ABOUT ERRA MATTI DIBBALU

• Location: Near Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
• Discovered by: British geologist William King in 1886
• Declared as: National Geo-heritage Monument by Geological Survey of India in 2016

Key Features:

• Composed of sand, silt, and clay with a distinct red colour due to natural oxidation
• Represent the late Quaternary geologic age
• Show unique badland topography with gullies, dunes, buried channels, beach ridges, wave-cut terraces, etc.
• Depict real-time climate change effects and geological evolution
• Archaeological significance: Artefacts from the Upper Palaeolithic period (around 20,000 BC) found
• Only two similar sites exist globally — one in Sri Lanka and one in Tamil Nadu (Teri Sands)
• Faces threats from uncontrolled tourism and filming activities

Answer: b

Current Context: Madhya Pradesh has initiated a plan to introduce a female cheetah into the Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary to expand the cheetah reintroduction programme in India.

ABOUT GANDHI SAGAR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

• Location: Northwestern Madhya Pradesh (along MP-Rajasthan border)
• Declared as: Wildlife sanctuary in 1974
• Area: 368 sq. km
• Rivers: Chambal River flows through it, dividing it into two parts
• Ecoregion: Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests

Key Features:

• Identified as an Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA)
• Includes historical and archaeological sites like:
  • Chaurasigarh
  • Chaturbhujnath Temple
  • Bhadkaji rock paintings
  • Hinglajgarh Fort
  • Taxakeshwar Temple

Answer: b

Current Context: The Indian Army has recently conducted Exercise Siyom Prahar to test and validate the operational use of drones under realistic battlefield conditions.

ABOUT EXERCISE SIYOM PRAHAR

• Type: Major field training exercise of Indian Army
• Focus: Use of drone technology in modern tactical operations
• Aim: Enhance operational preparedness and battlefield effectiveness

Answer: c

Current Context: The Indian Navy has recently commissioned a new naval base named INS Aravali at Gurugram, Haryana to strengthen its information and communication infrastructure.

ABOUT INS ARAVALI

• Location: Gurugram, Haryana
• Named after: Aravali mountain range
• Motto: “Maritime Security through Collaboration”

Key Features:

• Supports naval information and communication centres
• Enhances Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA)
• Strengthens command and control operations
• Promotes cooperation with other naval units and allied stakeholders
• Part of India’s MAHASAGAR vision (Mutual and Holistic Advancement for Security and Growth Across Regions)
• Symbolism:
  • Crest shows central mountain (strength) and rising sun (vigilance and innovation)
• Strengthens India’s role as the Preferred Security Partner in the Indian Ocean Region