Daily Current Affairs Quiz: April 18, 2025

Answer: c

• Observed on: April 18 each year, by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS).
• Theme: “Heritage under Threat of Disasters and Conflicts: Preparedness and Learning from 60 years of ICOMOS Action”.
• Significance: Highlights the importance of protecting cultural and natural heritage from disasters and conflicts, focusing on preparedness and lessons from the past.
• History: Proposed by International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) in 1982, approved by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 1983.

Answer: b

Current Context After 2 years of civil war, Sudan’s Tuti Island has been reclaimed by the national army.

• The island is now devastated and depopulated due to the conflict.

About Tuti Island

• Location: At the confluence of the Blue Nile and White Nile rivers.
• Surroundings: Encircled by Khartoum, Omdurman, and Bahri (Khartoum North), collectively called the “Three Towns.”

Agricultural Importance:

• Nicknamed “Khartoum’s Garden.”
• Was a key source of fruits and vegetables for the capital.

About Sudan

• Location: Northeast Africa, south of Egypt, with access to the Red Sea.
• Capital: Khartoum
• Neighbouring Countries:
• North: Egypt
• East: Eritrea, Ethiopia, Red Sea
• South: South Sudan
• West: Central African Republic, Chad
• Northwest: Libya
• Key Geographical Features:Formed by Blue Nile and White Nile, merging at Khartoum.
• Mountain Ranges:Nuba Mountains, Marrah Mountains, Red Sea Hills

Answer: b)

Current context: Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen discussed bilateral ties and regional/global developments.

Background & Strategic Framework

• Diplomatic relations established in 1949.
• Relationship based on democratic values and shared commitment to peace.
• Green Strategic Partnership (GSP) launched during virtual summit in September 2020.
• Focus on climate action, renewable energy, sustainable urban development, water, etc.
• Bilateral Institutional Mechanisms
• Joint Commission Meeting (JCM) – since 2008.
• Foreign Office Consultations (FOC) – since 1995.
• Economic Ties (2023)
• Total bilateral trade: USD 5.3 billion
• Indian exports: USD 2.74 billion
• Imports from Denmark: USD 2.59 billion
• Declined from USD 6.64 billion in 2022
• Key Indian exports: Textiles, vehicles, leather goods, metal goods
• Key Danish exports: Pharmaceuticals, industrial machinery, organic chemicals, metal waste.

Answer: A.

Current Context: The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) arrested 4 people from Mumbai and Moradabad in connection with a major digital arrest fraud.

About

• Launched by: Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) in 2022
• Supported by: INTERPOL – global initiative to combat cyber-enabled financial crimes
• Focus Areas: Impersonation, phishing, romance & lottery scams
• Digital Arrest:A cyber fraud where scammers impersonate officials from agencies like the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), police, or investigative bodies.
• Victims are falsely told they are under investigation and are “digitally detained” via continuous calls or video chats.
• Psychological pressure and fear are used to extract money.
• Government’s Response:PM Narendra Modi, in Mann Ki Baat (Oct 2024), warned citizens against digital arrest scams.

Citizens urged to report cyber frauds to:

• National Cyber Crime Helpline – 1930
• Cybercrime portal – cybercrime.gov.in

Answer: A

Current Context: Released in April 2025, the IJR ranks states on their capacity to deliver justice, focusing on police, judiciary, prisons, and legal aid.

About

• Ranking Overview: Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana lead the rankings, with southern states dominating. Sikkim tops among smaller
• Police Force: The report highlights a gender gap and underrepresentation of Scheduled Castes and Tribes in senior police ranks. Many police stations lack basic infrastructure.
• Judiciary Concerns: India faces a severe judge shortage, with only 15 judges per million people. High court vacancies are high, and district courts are overwhelmed.
• Prison System: The national prison system is overcrowded, with undertrials constituting 76% of inmates. The healthcare system in prisons is
• Legal Aid Accessibility: Legal aid remains underfunded, with only ₹6 per capita spent annually on legal aid.
• State-Specific Insights: Tamil Nadu excels in prison management; Karnataka meets quotas for both police and judiciary; Uttar Pradesh and Bihar face significant challenges in overcrowding and police representation.

Answer: B

Current Context: Type 5 diabetes is officially recognized by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF).

About

• Affects lean, malnourished teenagers and young adults in low- and middle-income countries.
• Caused by poor pancreas development due to long-term undernutrition.
• Unlike type 2 diabetes, it doesn’t involve insulin resistance, but insulin production is insufficient.
• Treatment often involves oral medicines instead of insulin injections.

International Diabetes Federation (IDF):

• Represents 230+ national associations in 165
• Founded in 1950, Amsterdam.
• Mission: Promote global diabetes care, prevention, and cure.

Answer: C

Current Context: Telangana classifies heatwaves and sunstroke as state-specific disasters, aiming to enhance resilience and protect vulnerable groups.

About

• Heatwave Definition: Heatwaves occur when temperatures reach 40°C or more, or are 5-6°C above normal, with severe heatwaves exceeding 7°C.
• Impact: Heatwaves cause health issues, especially for the elderly, outdoor workers, and children, with Telangana recording 98 deaths in 2020.
• Relief Measures: The state provides ₹4 lakh ex-gratia relief, up from ₹50,000, funded through the State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF).
• National Exclusion: Heatwaves are not recognized as disasters by the Union government, limiting access to national relief funds, urging the need for national recognition.

Answer: C

Current Context: World number one Magnus Carlsen of Norway clinched the Freestyle Chess Grand Slam 2025 in Paris, defeating American Grandmaster Hikaru Nakamura.

Key Points:

• Match Result: Carlsen won with a5-0.5 victory over Nakamura.
• Prize Money: Carlsen earned 2 lakh US Dollars, Nakamura received 1.4 lakh US Dollars.
• Other Winners: Fabiano Caruana secured third place, earning 1 lakh US Dollars and a spot in the Las Vegas Grand Slam.
• Indian Presence: Indian Grandmaster Arjun Erigaisi secured fifth place, winning 50 thousand US Dollars after defeating Maxime Vacxhier-Lagrave of France.

Answer: D)

Current Context: Olympic silver medallist Saikhom Mirabai Chanu has been appointed Chairperson of the Indian Weightlifting Federation(IWLF) Athletes Commission, pledging to amplify athlete voices and ensure their well-being.

Answer: C)

Current context :India’s batter Shreyas Iyer has been named the International Cricket Council (ICC )Men’s Player of the Month for March 2025.