1.       The moderate leaders believed that British public and government were unaware of Indian problem, so, they must be educated.

2.       Dada Bhai Naoroji organised East India Association in London to discuss the Indian question and to influence British public opinion to promote Indian welfare.

3.       Indian National Congress founded British Committee of India which started the journal India to propagate the Indian views in Britain.

Revolutionary Activities

1.       In twentieth century, many new organisations were formed abroad to coordinate and carry out planned revolutionary activities in India.

2.       Shyamji Krishna Verma founded India House in London to promote nationalist opinion among Indian students in Britain. V. D. Savarkar and Lala Hardayal became members of India House. Madan Lal Dhingra of this circle assassinated the British bureaucrat Curzon-Wyllie.

3.       New centres emerged in Europe – Paris and Geneva – from where Madame Bhikaji Cama and Ajit Singh developed contacts with French sociologists and operated Bande Mataram.

4.       The Ghadar Party was a revolutionary group organised in San Francisco to carry out simultaneous revolts in all British colonies. The Punjab political dacoities were carried out in India. Though they failed in achieving their objective, the Ghadar movement preached militant nationalism in secular approach and inspired the Singapore mutiny.

Indian National Army

1.       Indian leaders organised Indian National Army with the help of Germany and Japan to carry out military campaign against British in India and liberate it from foreign control.

2.       Subhash Chandra Bose headed Provisional Government of Free India in Singapore recognised by the Axis Power.

3.       The heroism and valour of INA and subsequent INA trials inspired massive movement in India in the form of Ratings Mutiny. The nationalist sentiments were entered into the ranks of professional Indian army and navy.

International Forums

1.       These forums were used by freedom fighters to consolidate global opinion against imperialism and against British rule in India.

2.       Jawaharlal Nehru attended Congress of Oppressed Nationalities at Brussels organised by political exiles and revolutionaries to coordinate their struggle against imperialism.

3.       The League Against Imperialism was set up and Nehru was elected to Executive Council.