Day-1 Answer Writing Challenge : Model Answer

October 23, 2023

Day-1 Answer Writing Challenge : Model Answer

Question: 2. Enumerate the Legislations & Administrative Decisions that lead to the Movements like Swadeshi & Non-Cooperation Movement?

Understanding of question:
Directive	Simply list key points or components related to the topic. Organize them logically with bullet points or numbers, keeping responses concise, clear, and relevant.

Introduction	There is typically no need for a lengthy introduction. You can begin directly by listing the key points or components related to the topic. However, you may start with a brief contextual sentence to provide clarity or context for the list, if necessary.

Main Body	List of Legislations: List of Administrative Decisions

Conclusion	There is typically no formal conclusion. Simply summarize the key points, facts, or components listed, ensuring they are presented concisely and clearly. The enumeration itself serves as a comprehensive response to the directive.

Several legislations and administrative decisions during the colonial period in India contributed to the emergence of movements like the Swadeshi Movement and the Non-Cooperation Movement. Here are some key legislations and administrative decisions:

Legislations:

Vernacular Press Act (1878): Imposed restrictions on the vernacular press, leading to curtailment of free speech and press freedom, which was a source of discontent.
Partition of Bengal (1905): The decision to partition Bengal along religious lines was seen as a policy of ‘divide and rule’ and was met with widespread protest.
Rowlatt Act (1919): Enacted repressive laws, including the power to detain Indians without trial, which led to widespread protests and discontent.
Government of India Act (1919): While it introduced some reforms, it fell short of Indian aspirations for self-governance, which fueled the demand for swaraj.

Administrative Decisions:

Introduction of the Permanent Settlement (1793): This revenue policy negatively impacted Indian peasants and created economic hardships.
Curzon’s Educational Reforms (1901): The partition of universities and the focus on Western education led to the promotion of British culture at the expense of Indian traditions.
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919): The brutal massacre of hundreds of unarmed civilians in Amritsar by British troops triggered outrage and protests.
Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms (1919): While it introduced some constitutional reforms, it did not meet Indian expectations for self-governance, leading to discontent.
Repressive Measures in Response to Protests: The use of force, arrests, and censorship in response to protests and movements further radicalized the Indian population.
British Economic Policies: Heavy taxation, trade regulations, and the drain of wealth from India contributed to economic exploitation and poverty, spurring calls for self-reliance and Swadeshi.

These legislations and administrative decisions, along with others, were instrumental in galvanizing public sentiment and creating the conditions for the Swadeshi Movement and the Non-Cooperation Movement, which were crucial in India’s fight for independence from British colonial rule.

General Studies Paper 1